Ideologies in Conflict and the Imposition of Liberalism (Vocab)

Question 1

a situation in which countries share a similar ideology and foreign policy; often guided by a dominant nation

Answer 1

Alignment

Question 2

an agreement between two or more nations to cooperate for specific purposes

Answer 2

Alliance

Question 3

the distribution of power so that no country will dominate or be stronger than another

Answer 3

Balance of power

Question 4

a rivalry, after World War II, between democratic countries and the Soviet Union and its satellites

Answer 4

Cold War

Question 5

an American policy to limit communist expansion in Europe and Asia

Answer 5

Containment

Question 6

in politics, the theory that if one country was taken over by an expansionist country, then nearby countries would also be taken over, one after the other

Answer 6

Domino effect

Question 7

spying

Answer 7

Espionage

Question 8

the policy of expanding a nation’s territory or sphere of influence

Answer 8

Expansionism

Question 9

an ideological line drawn between the communist countries and the democratic countries in Europe

Answer 9

Iron Curtain

Question 10

a policy to limit involvement in international matters

Answer 10

Isolationism

Question 11

a policy of providing economic aid to countries affected by World War II

Answer 11

Marshall Plan

Question 12

the use of media, such as newspapers, radio, and television, to distribute information intended to influence the public. Propaganda is not always truthful.

Answer 12

Propaganda

Question 13

a system of government

Answer 13

Regime

Question 14

a previously independent nation that has fallen under the control or ideological influence of a larger, more powerful state

Answer 14

Satellite state

Question 15

a territorial area over which one nation has the main political or economic influence

Answer 15

Sphere of influence

Question 16

a very powerful and influential nation. The term was used to refer to the United States and the former Soviet Union when they were seen as the two most powerful nations in the world.

Answer 16

Superpower

Question 17

a policy to provide economic assistance to war-torn countries that needed to rebuild and to countries threatened by or attracted to communism

Answer 17

Truman Doctrine

Question 18

competition among nuclear countries to determine which country would possess the most nuclear weapons

Answer 18

Arms race

Question 19

the practice, especially in international politics, of seeking advantage by creating the impression that one is willing and able to push a highly dangerous situation to the limit rather than concede

Answer 19

Brinkmanship

Question 20

an organization of countries that agree to protect one another if any of the member countries are attacked

Answer 20

Collective security

Question 21

a period of lessening tensions

Answer 21

Détente

Question 22

a foreign policy to discourage a country from taking military action

Answer 22

Deterrence

Question 23

The French policy of maintaining a nuclear arsenal for national defense

Answer 23

Dissuasion

Question 24

the term given to the movement to root out and expose potential communists within American society during the mid-1950s

Answer 24

McCarthyism

Question 25

occurs when two or more countries use all possible means to prevent one another from taking military action

Answer 25

Mutual deterrence

Question 26

fear that if one country used a nuclear bomb to attack another country, there would be a nuclear war that would destroy the world

Answer 26

Mutually assured destruction (MAD)

Question 27

an intergovernmental military alliance

Answer 27

NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

Question 28

occurs when ships from one country stop the passage of ships from another country

Answer 28

Naval blockade

Question 29

a small country that borders another country and is under the influence or control of the neighbouring country

Answer 29

Satellite state

Question 30

a period of reduced tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1971 to 1979

Answer 30

Détente

Question 31

an official policy of the former Soviet Union that emphasized a more open government and wider distribution of information

Answer 31

Glasnost

Question 32

a policy of the former Soviet Union that emphasized restructuring the economy

Answer 32

Perestroika

Question 33

a doctrine that promotes improvement to the standard of living or quality of life of others, often through outside intervention

Answer 33

Humanitarianism

Question 34

consideration of one’s position, often without regard for the welfare of others

Answer 34

Self-interest

Question 35

a government run by religious leaders and guided by religious doctrine

Answer 35

Theocracy

Question 36

a term used to describe actions taken to combat global terrorism in the wake of the 9/11 attacks on the United States

Answer 36

War on terror

Question 37

a perspective that holds that one’s own culture is superior

Answer 37

Ethnocentric

Question 38

a person who holds extreme or fanatical political or religious views, especially one who resorts to or advocated extreme action

Answer 38

Extremist

Question 39

an alliance for combined action, especially a temporary alliance of political parties that forms a government or of states

Answer 39

Coalition

Question 40

a doctrine that promotes improvement to the standard of living or quality of life of others, often through outside intervention

Answer 40

Humanitarianism

Question 41

a holy war

Answer 41

Jihad

Question 42

the sacred text of Muslims

Answer 42

Qur’an

Question 43

consideration of one’s position, often without regard for the welfare of others

Answer 43

Self-interest

Question 44

a political party

Answer 44

Taliban

Question 45

a government run by religious leaders and guided by religious doctrine

Answer 45

Theocracy

Question 46

a term used to describe actions taken to combat global terrorism in the wake of the 9/11 attacks on the United States

Answer 46

War on terror