Identity Flashcards

1
Q

Self-Reflection

A

Adolescents begin to think about themselves in ways that children cannot.

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2
Q

Self-Conceptions

A

How we think about ourselves.

Side note:

  • For Children, a self-conception consists of external & concrete traits. E.g. “I like the colour pink”
  • For Adolescents, self-conceptions are abstract, complex, differentiated, and integrated. They are also more internal/private, complicated, and reflective.
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3
Q

Self-Esteem

A

How we feel about ourselves.

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4
Q

Identity

A

Who we are.

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5
Q

Abstract (Self-Concept)

A

The self is a concept (more trait-focused). E.g. “I am caring and nurturing”

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6
Q

Complex (Self-Concept)

A
  • Recognize that aspects of the self can differ across time/situations.
  • Can be contradictory.
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7
Q

Differentiated (Self-Concept)

A

*Consideration of contextual/situational factors. E.g. “Shy around new people” but “Loud and funny with friends”

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8
Q

Integrated (Self-Concept)

A
  • Recognition of discrepancies.

* Movement towards a coherent, consistent idea of the self. E.g. “Happy sometimes, sad sometimes = Sensitive/Emotional”

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9
Q

Self-Esteem

A
  • How you FEEL about yourself.

* Overall sense of worth and well being.

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10
Q

Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale

A

Baseline Self-Esteem and Barometric Self-Esteem

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11
Q

Baseline Self-Esteem (Rosenberg)

A

Relatively stable. Changes occur slowly over and extended period of time. Decreases from childhood into early adolescence.

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12
Q

Barometric Self-Esteem (Rosenberg)

A

Fluctuating. Short-term changes. Contextually determined. Swings wider and more frequent in early adolescence.

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13
Q

Erik Erikson’s Identity Theory

A
  • Each period of life is characterized by a distinct ‘crisis’
  • Triggers self-reflection, motivation to explore choices, and ultimately commitment.

Adolescent Crisis: identity vs. identity confusion.

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14
Q

Identity Confusion

A

Failure to establish commitments to sense of self by end of adolescence.

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15
Q

James Marcia’s Identity Status Model

A

Identity Exploration & Identity Commitment.

Diffusion, Foreclosure, Moratorium, Achievement.

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16
Q

Identity Exploration

A

Searching out and examining alternatives.

17
Q

Identity Commitment

A

Choosing a belief, making a personal investment.

18
Q

Diffusion (James Marica)

A

Apathetic
Disconnected
School difficulties
Psychological problems

19
Q

Foreclosure

A
Closed-Minded
Rigid
Resistant to change
Higher on conformity 
Obedience to authority
20
Q

Moratorium

A

Open-Minded
Thoughtful
Anxious
Less decisive

21
Q

Achievement

A
Decision-Making 
Problem-Solving 
Better relationships
Personal adjustment 
School adjustment 
Self-Directed
22
Q

Identity Orientations

A

Relative importance/value that individuals place on different identity attributes when constructing their self-definitions.

23
Q

Cheek & Colleagues’ Aspect of Identity

A

Individual, Relational, Public, and Collective

24
Q

Individual

A

Personal aspects to the individual that are particularly important in defining identity.
*Personal, private, intrapsychic experiences, traits, and views.

25
Relational
Aspects of identity tied into relationships/social interactions. *Importance of interpersonal aspects of identity, such as relationships with others, qualities of relationships, feelings of connectedness.
26
Public
Importance of public aspects of identity such as reputation, public image, popularity, attractiveness to others.
27
Collective
Identity derived from a shared sense of belonging to a group. *Often expressed through a group's cultures and traditions.