Identifications Midterm #1 Flashcards
Levels of Analysis
- point to location , size, or scale of a research target - 1) close reading 2) local analysis 3) global analysis - observe the world at various degrees aka Russia v Ukraine , take approach of national or civilian life or focus on Putin etc.
IGO
Organization whose members are state govents. Intergovernmental organization - NATO , WTO
NGO
non governmental organization, green peace ,world wildlife fund ,
Nation State
States whose populations share a sense of national identity, usually including a language & culture ex China , Indian Nations
Alliances
A union or association formed for mutual benefit , especially between countries or organizations ( Australian and New Zealand - Canberra act )
Sovereignty
Supreme power or authority; you are in control ex. US
MNC
Multinational/ transnational corp ; use materials from other places to sell in other places ex. IBM, Microsoft and Apple
Cold War containment
policy adopted in late 1940s by which the US sought to halt the global expansion of Soviet Influence on several levels - military, political, ideology & econ
Cuban Missile Crisis
(1962) a superpower crisis, sparked by the SU installations of medium-range nuclear missiles, marks moment when US & SU came close to nuclear war
NATO
Alliance of countries Europe and North American
Globalization
increasing integration of the world in terms of communications, culture & economics ex. COVID
Realism
A broad intellectual tradition that explains international relations mainly in terms of power
Mercantilism
; yes to tariffs because its help economy aka trade protectionism ex. Trumps policy on steel workers in the USA
Protectionism
The theory or practice of shielding a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports
Free Trade
Intl. trade left to its natural course w/o tariffs, quotas or other restrictions ex European Union , US w/ Canada & Mexico
Idealism
An approach that emphasizes international law, morality & intl. organizations, rather than power alone, as key influences an intl. relations
Hans Morgenthau
Classical realism , theorist , created of realism , he perfected it , created post WW2: CONFLICT= imperfect human nature & subjective historical / philosophical analysis
Henry Kissinger
Realist political figure ; national security adviser and Secretary of State to president Nixon
Anarchy
not complete chaos but the lack of a central govt. that can enforce rules ex French Revolution
Security dilemma
A situation in which actions taken by a state to increase its own security cause reactions from other states ,which in turn lead to a decrease rather than an increase in the original state’s security
Balance of power
A situation in which nations of the world have roughly equal power ;multi polar , bi polar , uni polar
Hegemonic stability theory
one big power that stabilizes intl because of its power ex US after WWll
Geopolitics
The use of geography as an element of power & the ideas about it held by political leaders & scholars
League of Nations
Organizations established after WW1 & forerunner of UN ; achieved certain humanities & other successes but was weakened by the absence of U.S membership & by its own lack of effect ; venrues in ensuring collective security
Game theory
A branch of mathematics concerned w/ predicting bargaining outcomes. Games such as Prisoner’s Dilemma have been used to analyze various sorts of intl. interactions
Prisoner’s Dilemma
A situations modeled by game theory in which rational actors pursing their individual interests all achieve worse outcomes than they could have by working together
Institutionalism
Focuses on the role of organizations and institutions in shaping the world in various way ; use institutions to decrease possibility on war
Interdependence
A political & economic situation in which two states are simultaneously dependent on each other for their well-bring . The degree of interdependence is sometimes designated in terms of “sensitivity “ or “vulnerability” ex us and China
Regimes
Authoritarian govnt.Ex. Aristocracy , democracy
GATT
General agreement on tariffs and trade - treaty minimizing barriers to intl. trade by eliminating or reducing quotas , tariffs, and subsides - boost econ recovery after WW2
Democratic Peace
Proposition that democratic states never (or almost never) wage war on one another - Kant - because leaders are held accountable, shared values w/o using force ,
Capitalist Peace
Posits that market openness contributes to more peaceful behavior amount states ; breed peace
Intergroup Contact Theory
The greater the interaction between in-group and out-group members, the less prejudice exhibited by the in-group
Constructivism
Changing intl norms and actors identities help shape the content of state interests; learners construct knowledge rather than just passively take in info ex Alexander Wednt
Liberalism
equality of opportunity and the protection of individual rights
Reciprocity
A response in kind to another’s actions
Immanuel Kant
German philosopher; created reciprocity principle, lower level of analysis, democratic peace theory , and the stance that trade promotes peace
Collective security
The formation of a broad alliance of most major actors in an INTL system for the purpose of jointly opposing aggression by any actor; sometimes seen as a presupposing the existence of a universal organizations ( UN) to which both the aggressor & its opponents belong
Marxism
Ex : global North-South relations , in terms of a struggle between econ. Classes (especially works & owners) that have different roles in society & different access to power : showing contrasts in capitalism
Conflict Resolution
The development & implementation of peaceful strategies for settling conflicts
