Identification of Disorders in Sensory Processing Flashcards
Areas of development that are influenced by sensory processing include all except which of the following:
A. Attention
B. Praxis (Ideation and motor/action planning)
C. Organization of behavior/executive functions
D. Social Interactions
E. Emotional Responses to environmental Events
F. Postural Control
G. All of these areas are influenced by sensory processing
G. All of these areas are influenced by sensory processing
T/F: Arousal is affected by discrimination while Motor control is affected by modulation
False. Arousal is affected by modulation; Motor control is affected by discrimination
What are the two areas of motor control
- Motor Control (Feedback or feedforward)
2. Postural control
What might you see with a child in class who is underresponsive to vestibular input?
Kid falling asleep in class (arousal/attention problem)
T/F: With modulation problems related to tactile system, a child may be underresponsive to tactile input
False. With modulation, we talk about tactile overresponsiveness
What systems are required for praxis (motor control)?
- Proprioception
- Tactile discrimination (related to feedback problems)
T/F: Organization of behavior/executive functions requires both arousal and motor control
True:
- Requires both arousal and motor control
- Need both ideation and purpose, need to attend
What arousal problems may be related to social interactions?
-Arousal: tactile defensive (avoid social interactions often)
What motor control problems may occur with social interaction issues?
Speech (using body e.g., pointing)
T/F: Emotional responses to environmental events is related to discrimination
False. Emotional responses to environmental events is related to arousal
Are postural control problems related to arousal or motor control?
Motor control
What questions should you ask regarding the task a child is given?
- Is it appropriate for the age level?
- Can the child do it?
- What are the demands e.g., fine motor/gross, etc?
- Form a pattern by looking at tasks that child can’t do
A child always running around, doesn’t play sports, no ball play has a problem with feedforward or feedback?
Feedforward problem–no bilateral coordination
A child who is very shy, a picky eater, and doesn’t like brushing his teeth may have which problem?
-Tactile defensiveness
Sensory questionnaires e.g., sensory processing measure or sensory profile is an example of obtaining what info?
Sensory history. Gives info about how child rects in natural environment–adult gives info.
What three forms of evaluation are important to get a whole picture regarding a child?
- Sensory histories e.g., sensory processing measure/sensory profile
- Observations
- Standardized tests
What do standard evals tell you about a child?
Standard evaluations tell you exactly at what age the child is functioning at (can’t just go off what parent is telling you
T/F: When talking about sensory processing, we are talking about the theory behind SI
False. When talking about sensory processing, we are talking about the problems; when talking about theory, we are talking about sensory processing theory
What are the two types of disorders in SI?
- Disorders in sensory processing affecting the modulation of level of arousal, attention, and emotional wellbeing
- Disorders in discrimination affecting praxis and motor control
CNS function of adjusting the intensity and duration of stimuli affecting the level of arousal
Sensory modulation
Ability to monitor one’s own behavior
Self-regulation (social emotional development)
T/F: self regulation is the same as sensory modulation
False. Sensory modulation is the ability to adjust the intensity and during of stimuli affecting the level of arousal; self-regulation is the ability to monitor one’s own behavior
Functional areas affected by _______ include the following:
- Level of arousal
- Attention
- Social interactions
- Activity level
- Emotional regulation
Functional areas affected by sensory modulation
Functional areas affected by _______ include the following:
- Level of arousal
- Attention
- Posture and movement
- Motor coordiantion
- Social interaction
Functional areas affected by sensory registration or hypo-response to input
Functional areas affected by _______ include the following:
- Handwriting
- Motor coordination
- Organization in space
- Academic performance
Functional areas affected by disorders in perception and discrimination (praxis)
Over responsiveness to vestibular input may case…
- Gravitational insecurity
- Aversion to movement
Decreased response to vestibular input may cause…
- Postural-ocular deficits
- vestibular (proprioceptive) bilateral integration and sequencing
Deficits with this affect postural control and the ability to maintain a stable field of vision (when moving, the visual field is not moving with you)
Postural-occular deficits
A child who avoids certain situations and has problems copying from the board likely has issues with this
Postural occular deficits. Has trouble integrating systems when moves. When copying from the board, has to look down when writing.
A child with this problem has issues with feedforward and problems with sequencing (thumb to finger task, hand flip task)
Vestibular (proprioceptive) bilateral integration. Usually underresponsive to prop and vestib
How is body scheme important for motor performance?
You must know where your body is (incoming P, T, V) for motor performance (e.g., if jumping over a stream, don’t jump if you now you can’t make it)
A child who is leaning a lot, not sitting up right, falls, and is on the floor a lot may have this vestibular-processing problem
Postural control
A child who rests his head on his hands or the desk, has a kyphotic upper back may have this vestibular-processing problem
Neck and trunk extension (vestibular related to antigravity extension of the trunk)
A child who has difficulty using both of the petals on a bike, has trouble putting the cap on a pen, has trouble crossing midline, doesn’t develop hand dominance may have this vestibular-processing problem
bilateral motor coordination
A child who has trouble playing sports, crossing the street, and going into playgrounds (gets hit by swings) may have this vestibular-processing problem
Feedforward
A child who takes a long time to copy from the board and write his name may have this vestibular-processing problem
Oculo-motor control.
T/F: vestibular-processing problems may affect language development.
True. May see delayed language skills
A child who is underresponsive, is sometimes on the floor, sometimes running around, fidgeting may have what vestibular-processing problem?
Problems with arousal level. Seeking vestib. to increase level of arousal and be able to attend
A child who is slow to realize that someone touches him or puts something on his back may be…
Underresponsive to touch
A child who is very slow to write his name and writes his letters in the wrong sequences may have what issue?
Problems with motor planning
A child with a flat facial expression may have what issues?
Decreased tone
Low arousal
A child who does not continuously stabilize paper when writing is having what kind of problem?
A bilateral motor coordination problem
A child who draws broken lines when trying to write his name may have what kind of problem?
- Incoordination
- Proprioceptive (smoothness of movement) related to motor planning
A child who chews tangerines and puts them back in the box and wipes his hands may have what kind of sensory profile?
Increased tactile sensitivity
A child who is constantly on the ground may have what kind of problems?
- Decreased postural control
- behavioral ?
A child who does climb on the jungle gym may have what kind of problems?
- Decreased tone
- proprioceptive problems
A child whose head goes back a lot when swinging may have what kind of problems?
- Low vestibular
- Decreased tone
- Decreased postural control
T/F: a child who is able to climb over a wall but has trouble playing a ball game
False. Has a feedforward problem. Able to go over a stable object
A child who uses very slow and elaborate movements when swinging on a swing may have what problems?
- Sequencing
- Bilateral motor control
- (quality difference–slow, lots of trunk movement)
How can we evaluate a child’s vestibular input?
- Sensory histories
- SIPT (Postrotary Nystagmus/PRN, Standing and Walking balance)
- Chosen items in other tests and clinical observations
What two types of dysfunctions related to the tactile system may a child have?
- Tactile modulation/tactile defensiveness
2. Underresponsiveness or decreased tactile discrimination
A child who has emotional rxns to being close to others due to tactile processing may appear how?
- Hitting others, screaming, tantrums
- Doesn’t like being hugged, doesn’t like circle time, going to the mall, or waiting in line
- Often dx of ADHD
Children who have emotional rxns to being too close to others due to poor tactile processing are often diagnosed with _________
Children who have emotional rxns to being too close to others due to poor tactile processing are often diagnosed with ADHD
How may a child who has difficulties with focussed attention due to poor tactile processing appear?
- Moves around a lot
- Fidgets
- Attention problems
How may a child who has difficulties with activity level related to poor tactile processing appear?
Moves around a lot
How may a child with irritability issues related to poor tactile processing appear?
- Doesn’t like getting hair/teeth brushed
- Doesn’t like showering
- Doesn’t like playing in sand box
- Constantly on high alert
- Irritable from over responsiveness to touch
How may a child with oral motor skill problems due to poor tactile processing appear?
- Prefer crunchy foods
- May overstuff
- Doesn’t like cold or mushy foods
- Decreased oral praxis (can’t find food in mouth or moves food from one side to other)
- Problems brushing teeth
How may a child with difficulties with hand skills due to poor tactile processing appear?
- Poor handwriting
- Difficulty with crafts
- Difficulty dressing
- Difficulty using spoon/fork
How may a child with difficulties with motor planning due to tactile processing appear?
- Clumsy
- No ball play
- Prefers to sit
- Trouble dressing
T/F: Emotional reactions due to underresponsiveness to tactile processing
False. Emotional rxns are due to overresponsiveness to tactile input
T/F: Oral motor, hand skills, and motor planning problems are either due to over responsiveness to tactile input or problems with discrimination
False. Oral motor, hand skills, and motor planning problems can be due to underresponsiveness to tactile input or problems with discrimination
How can we evaluate disorders in integrating tactile input?
- Sensory histories
- SIPT (tactile discrimination tests)
- Chosen items in other tests
What are the two main types of dysfunctions related to the proprioceptive system?
- Underresponsiveness (related to motor)
2. Over-seeking e.g., jumping, hitting
How may a child with problems with generalized muscle tone due to poor processing of prop input appear?
- Flat affect
- W sit
- Sit on floor a lot
- Weak
- Floppy, slouched
How may a child with problems related to level of arousal/activity level due to poor processing of prop input appear?
- Look at intensity in terms of seeking
- Kids who seek-high intensity prop e.g., punching, hitting, biting, climbing are generally overaroused
- If seeking input, over aroused
- If low tone, may have low arousal
- When used in high intensity, used to dampen other systems
When prop is used in high intensity it may be used to _________ other systems
Dampen
T/F: A child who has low tone may have high arousal
False, a child who has low tone may have low arousal
A child who is seeking high-intensity proprioception e.g., punching, hitting, climbing are generally ________ aroused
A child who is seeking high-intensity proprioception e.g., punching, hitting, climbing are generally overaroused
A child with low tone may have _______ arousal/activity level
Low arousal/activity level
A child with difficulties related to proximal joint stability/cocontraction due to problems processing prop input may appear how?
- Poor body alignment e.g., anterior pelvic tilt
- Locked jaw
- Winged scapula
How may a child with postural control difficulties due to problems processing prop input appear?
- Slouched
- On the floor a lot
- Leaning
How may a child with problems with motor planning due to difficulties processing prop input appear?
- Clumsy
- Feedforward and feedback problems
How may a child with problems with hand use due to difficulties processing prop input appear?
- With tactile and prop problems:
- Pancake hands (mushy)
- Can’t do in-hand manipulation
