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Crime scene > Identification of Body fluids > Flashcards

Identification of Body fluids Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid portion of blood that contains the cellular components

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2
Q

Serum

A

Liquid portion of blood that does not clott

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3
Q

Erythrocytes (RBC)

A

Red Blood Cells, carry stuff

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4
Q

Leukocytes (WBC)

A

White Blood Cells, defend against foreign substances

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5
Q

Platelets

A

Important components in clotting

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6
Q

Exsanguination

A

Bleeding to death

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7
Q

Hard, smooth surfaces (Glass, smooth tile)

A

Surfaces that create little spatter

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8
Q

Rough surfaces (wood, concrete)

A

Surfaces that create lots of spatter

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9
Q

Narrow end of a blood stain

A

Indicates direction of travel

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10
Q

Area of Convergence

A

2D area in which blood stain originated, found by using strings to the long axis of blood stains

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11
Q

Area of Orgin

A

3D area in which blood stains originated, found by examining the angle of impact and using strings going in the direction of travel at the correct angle.

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12
Q

Round stains

A

Stains that have 90 degree angle of impact

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13
Q

0.5 w/l

A

Elliptical stain with 30 degree angle of impact

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14
Q

Width/Length

A

Ratio for discovering angle of impact

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15
Q

Gunshot wounds

A

Indicated by back and possibly front spatter and fine misting. Misting is typical of gunshots and not seen in too many other instances

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16
Q

Stabbing/Beating wounds

A

Larger spatter aroun 1-3 mm, varies depending on weapon

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17
Q

Castoff stains

A

Blood is thrown from a weapon used in a beating. These stains are typically linear and large

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18
Q

Splashed/ Projected Blood

A

Large central area with peripheral spatters. Spattering blood tends to leave narrow projections

18
Q

Expirated Blood

A

Mist/spatter of blood due to coughing or vomiting. May contain mucous, be slightly dilute and contain air bubble. Air bubbles are a decent indication of expirated blood.

19
Q

Arterial Blood

A

May take on many types due to the severity of the injury. ( gushing, spurting, or spraying)

20
Q

Transfer Blood

A

Wet blood contacts an object and leaves a pattern. Requires testing to indicate the patter is correct

21
Q

Red, Reddish brown, black

A

Color changes of blood as it ages

22
Q

3-15 minutes

A

Blood begins to clot in

23
Q

Void

A

Area with no blood on it while surrounded by blood. Indicates that an object has been moved

24
Q

Passive Blood Stains

A

Caused by transfer of blood from an area, flow patters, and saturation stains

25
Q

Active Blood Stains

A

Caused by impact, arterial spurts, expirated and castoff stains

26
Q

ABO

A

Classification of blood types based on the reactions of antibodies and antigens

27
Q

Serology

A

The laboratory study of body fluids using specific antigen and serum antibody reactions

28
Q

Agglutination

A

Process of red blood cells clumping together in response to an antibody

29
Q

Precipitin Test

A

Test that distinguishes between human and animal blood

30
Q

Benzidine test

A

A regent once widely used as a presumptive test for blood. Involved using ethanol/acetic acid solutions which turned blue when the reagent and blood were added.

31
Q

Hemastix test

A

Commercial test strip that can be used as a presumptive test for blood. Designed to detect blood in urine but works well in forensic settings

32
Q

Phenolphthalein Test

A

A presumptive test for blood that turns pink when blood is added to the reagent.

33
Q

Luminol/Flourescein tests

A

Presumptive blood test based on chemical reactions that cause light to be emitted from the blood stain

34
Q

Crystal tests

A

A type of presumptive test in which a positive result is the formation of a solid crystalline substance

35
Q

Seminal Acid Phosphate

A

Enzyme found in abundance in seminal fluid. Commonly tests for when testing for semen.

36
Q

Alpha-amylase

A

Enzyme found in saliva that is the basis for presumptive tests for that fluid. (Starch-iodide tests are common)

37
Q

Periodic acid-Schiff reagent

A

Presumptive test for the presence of vaginal material, glycogenated cells are stained bright magenta.

37
Q

Azostix

A

Test used forensically to detect urine. Commercially used to detect blood in urine. (Urine tests are inaccurate and not common in forensic science)

38
Q

Cyanide

A

A black colored stomach mucosa is associated with…

39
Q

Barr bodies (condensed 2nd X chromosome)

A

Sex can be determined by examining hair for what?

40
Q

Lightening

A

Branching tree on the front of the chest is usually caused by

41
Q

Liver

A

Which organ is least likely to be injured by a blast wave?

Crime scene (5 decks)

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