Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Crime scene > Forensic Toxicolgy and pharmacology pt2 > Flashcards

Forensic Toxicolgy and pharmacology pt2 Flashcards

1
Q

Toxicology

A

a branch of biology, chemistry, and medicine (more specifically pharmacology) concerned with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

postmortem drug testing

A

The branch of toxicology focused on the analysis of biofluids after death of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

workplace drug testing

A

A branch of toxicology focused on analysis of employee samples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

biofluids

A

Blood, urine, bile, etc.; fluids obtained from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ADME

A

The process by which a drug moves through the body: absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Opiates

A

A term for the class of narcotic drugs derived from the opium plant, including morphine and codeine. heroin is produced from morphine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

depressants

A

Substance that depress the central nervous system and cause symptoms such as slowed heart rate and breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

amphetamine

A

A controlled substance that, along with its analogs such as methamphetamine, creates an excitatory condition (stimulation), state of weakfulness, and euphoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

stimulants

A

Drugs that produce produces a temporary increase of functional activity or efficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

precursors

A

Substances that can be converted into an abused substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cocaine

A

A control substance derived from the erythroxylin cocoa plant that creates an excitatory condition (stimulation), state of wakefulness, and euphoria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cannabiboids

A

A term applied to marijuana and parts of the plant Cannabis sativa in which tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the active

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tetrahydricannabinol (THC)

A

The active ingredient in Marijuana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Polypharmacy

A

A mixture of drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

volume of distribution

A

An equation that relates dose of a drug to blood concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gas chromatography

A

Gas flowing through a coated tube separates compounds by their size, weight, and chemical reactivity with the coating of the cube or column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cyanide

A

A highly toxic chemical, especially in the form of gas (hydorgen cyanide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

methemoglobin

A

An oxidized form of hemoglobin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cyanomethemoglobin

A

A complex of cyanide and methemoglobin; used to treat cyanide posioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

carboxyhemoglobin

A

Hemoglobin in which the oxygen has been replaced by carbon monoxide (CO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

thin layer chromatography (TLC)

A

The use of a solvent that travels through a porous medium to separate compounds based on their chemical affinity with the solvent and the medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

mobile phase

A

In a chromatographic system such as thin layer chromatography or gas chromatography, the phase that moves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

carrier gas

A

The mobile phase in gas chromatography (GC)

24
Q

GC-MS

A

Acronym for gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry

24
Q

National Institute of High Standards and Technology (NIST)

A

Federal agency responsible fro setting, approving, and maintaining measurements and materials standards in the United States (formerly National Bureau of Standards)

25
Q

liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)

A

An analytical instrument that combines a liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometer as the detect; analogous to GC-MS

26
Q

thermolabile

A

A substance that breaks at elevated temperatures

27
Q

colorimetric testing

A

testing in which a change or production of color is used to screen for compounds

28
Q

tandem mass spectrometery

A

A detection system with more than one mass spectrometer in series

29
Q

marsh test

A

first and most famous color-based test for arsenic

30
Q

inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)

A

A form of mass spectrometry used to detect inorganic materials and metals

31
Q

Toxicokinetics/ pharmacokinetics

A

The study of how genetic factors influence toxicology and drug effectiveness

32
Q

toxicogenetics/ pharmacogenetics

A

The study of the genetic influences on the responses of organisms to toxins.

33
Q

postmortem redistribution

A

The redistribution of drugs in the body that occurs after death

34
Q

Controlled Substance Act (CSA)

A

legislation in the US that defines illegal drugs and classifies them by schedules

35
Q

Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

A

The US government agency responsible for regulation of controlled drugs

36
Q

Over the counter (OTC)

A

Medicines that can be purchased without a prescription

37
Q

cutting agents

A

A substance added to an illicit drug to reduce the concentration

38
Q

standards

A

analytical standards established by a consensus of the scientific community engaged in the analysis of drugs of abuse

38
Q

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

A

A group of that establishes national and international standard practices fr procedures and analyses

39
Q

SWGDRUG

A

Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs

40
Q

Botanical examinations

A

Study of various plant structure, such as roots, stems, branches, leaves, fruits, or flower, that may be used to determine time and season of death as well as possible prior location of remains

41
Q

macroscopic examinations

A

Visual examination generally performed with the unaided eye; used to identify class characteristics

42
Q

cystolithic (bear-claw shaped) hairs

A

hairs on the surface of a leaf/ finer clothing

43
Q

Duquenois-Levine

A

Chemical color test used to confirm the presence of cannabinoids in plant material

44
Q

hashish

A

The resin from marijuana that has been isolated from the plant material

45
Q

mescaline

A

A hallucinogen found in cactus buttons

46
Q

alkaloids

A

Substance formed by in the plant tissues and in the bodies of animals. Morphine and codeine are alkaloids of opium

47
Q

psilocin

A

a substituted tryptamine alkaloid and a serotonergic psychedelic substance

48
Q

psilocybin

A

a naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, collectively known as psilocybin mushrooms

49
Q

wet chemical procedures

A

Procedure that involve solvents, extractions, etc.; not instruments

50
Q

microcrystaline tests

A

A reaction between the compound of interest and chemical reagent that results in the formation of unique crystals that can be observed with the micrscope

51
Q

extractions/ liquid extraction

A

Separation of the compound of interest from the rest of the samples

52
Q

infrared spectroscopy

A

Use of the absorption of infrared radiation to produce a chemical fingerprint of a substances; also referred to as IR spectroscopy

53
Q

clandestine drug laboratories

A

Illicit location that manufactures controlled

Crime scene (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions