Identification & Hebrew to Know - 2 Kings-checked Flashcards
Why was the Northern Kingdom destroyed? (Political reason and theological reason?
The last king, Hoshea ben Reila rebells against Assyria. Assyria invades & takes over Northern Kingdom. Hosea aligns w/Egypt. Assyrians invade, win, exile peoples & import new peoples. Theological reason - Idolotry.
Why was the Southern Kingdom destroyed? (Political reason and theological reason?
Political Reason- they rebelled agaisnt Babylon. Religious Reason– Menashe was a bad king and worshipped Baal
Which two southern kings does the narrator of II Kings consider great, and why?
1) Jehoash - because he does what is pleasing to the lord, as the priest Jehoiada instructed him 12:3 2) King Hezekiah, he does what is pleasing to the lord. He smashes foreign pillars & shrines.
Mesha
King of Moab who stops paying tribute to the Northern Kingdom. So the Northern Kingdom, Souther Kingdom, and King of Edom invade Moab & win.
Gehazi
Elisha’s servant. Takes booty from Naaman after Elisha says not to. He ends up getting leporosy because of that.
Na’aman
Commander of the army of Aram. Gets leprosy and is healed by Elisha
Yehu
Overthrows Joram and kills Jezreel and every member of the house of Ahab. Becomes King of Northern Kingdom. Kills all the followers of Ba’al
יהונדב בן רכב
Worships Ba’al. King Jehu asks him to gather all the people who worship Ba’al, he does. Then King Jehu kills them all. *don’t worry about for first test**
עתליה
Athaliah, mother of Ahaziah. Rules Judah for 6 years after Ahaziah dies.
Yeho’ash – the change in Temple funding
Righteous King of Judah. Sepearates donations - all sacred donations go towards temple repair, sin and guilt offerings go to the priests.
Tiglat Pileser
King of Assyria, captures region of Naphtali.
הושע בן אלה
Last king of Israel. Imprisoned by the King of Assyria
שלמנאסר מלך אשור
King of Assyria. Captures whole of Samaria & exiles Israelites to Assyria.
נחושתן
Bronze/Copper serpent that Moses made. People sacrifiece to it, King Hezekiah smashes it (this is seen as a good thing.)
רב שקה
A messenger from the king of Assyria to King Hezekiah. He sat near a wall of Jerusalem and tells Jerusalemites to surrender. They are silent in response.
ישעיהו הנביא
Prophet to King Hezekiah and more.
מנשה
Son of Hezekiah, succeeds him to be King of Judah. Sins so much God says he will take Israel away from us.
Hilkiyahu the priest and Shaphan the scribe
During the regin of King Josiah. Hilkiyahu the priest finds a copy of Deuteronomy in the Beit HaMikdash. Shaphan the scribe gives the scroll to King Josiah to read.
Huldah the prophetess
After Deuteronomy is found, King Josiah sends a group of people to her to get advice.
יהויכון
King of Judah, imprisoned and exiled to Assyria in 597. By the end of 2nd Kings he is released from prison & given food.
נבוכדנצר
King of Babylon, conqures Judah :(
צדקיהו
King of Judah, rebells against king of Babylon, Tish B’Av happens during his reign.
נבוזראדן
Babylonian chief of the guards. Conquors Judah.
גדליהו
Vassal King of Judah installed by Nebuchadnezzar. Is murdered by his own subjects (Ishmael).
ישמעאל
In 2 Kings ch 25. Murders King Gedaliah.
אִישׁ בַּעַל שֵׂעָר וְאֵזוֹר עוֹר אָזוּר בְּמָתְנָיו
A messenger describing Elijah the prophet - a hairy man with a leather belt tied around his waist. Dr Havivi : “A long haired guy wearing a leathre loincloth”
וַיִּקַּח אֵלִיָּהוּ אֶת אַדַּרְתּוֹ וַיִּגְלֹם וַיַּכֶּה אֶת הַמַּיִם וַיֵּחָצוּ הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה וַיַּעַבְרוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם בֶּחָרָבָה:
Elijah dividing the river Jordan. אגרתו - his cloak יגלם - he rolls the cloak בחרבה - on dry land
וְהִנֵּה רֶכֶב אֵשׁ וְסוּסֵי אֵשׁ
Elijah ascending to heaven
וַיִּקַּח אֶת אַדֶּרֶת אֵלִיָּהוּ אֲשֶׁר נָפְלָה מֵעָלָיו וַיַּכֶּה אֶת הַמַּיִם וַיֹּאמַר אַיֵּה יְהֹוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֵלִיָּהוּ אַף הוּא | וַיַּכֶּה אֶת הַמַּיִם וַיֵּחָצוּ הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה וַיַּעֲבֹר אֱלִישָׁע:
Elisha takes Elija’s cloak and parts the water אַיֵּה -where. Demonstrates that Elisha has inherited the mantle from Elijah.
אָבִי | אָבִי רֶכֶב יִשְׂרָאֵל וּפָרָשָׁיו
Elisha’s outcry when he sees Elijah ascend to the heaven (die)
עֲלֵה קֵרֵחַ עֲלֵה קֵרֵחַ…וַתֵּצֶאנָה שְׁתַּיִם דֻּבִּים מִן הַיַּעַר
Young boys taunt Elisha by calling him baldy. Two bears come out and eat 42 of the children. קרח - bald head
וַיִּקַּח אֶת בְּנוֹ הַבְּכוֹר אֲשֶׁר יִמְלֹךְ תַּחְתָּיו וַיַּעֲלֵהוּ עֹלָה עַל הַחֹמָה
Mesha, the king of Moab, sacrifices his first born son in order to save his kingdom. על החמה - on the wall
הֲשָׁאַלְתִּי בֵן מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי
The Shunamite woman talking to Elisha about her son who has died.
מָוֶת בַּסִּיר אִישׁ הָאֱלֹהִים
Men complaining about Elisha’s cooking. “Man of God! There is death in the pot!”
וַיִּתֵּן לִפְנֵיהֶם וַיֹּאכְלוּ וַיּוֹתִרוּ כִּדְבַר יְהֹוָה
20 loaves of barley bread miracously feed 100 men. There are even leftovers (יותרו)
הֲלֹא טוֹב אֲמָנָה וּפַרְפַּר נַהֲרוֹת דַּמֶּשֶׂק מִכֹּל מֵימֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל
Naaman, commander of the army of Aram, asks Elisha to cure his leprosy. Elisha tells him to dunk in the Jordan 7 times. Naaman responds with this line. אמהנ - river in Damascus פרפר - river in Damascus
הִנֵּה יְהֹוָה עֹשֶֹה אֲרֻבּוֹת בַּשָּׁמַיִם הֲיִהְיֶה הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה
A king’s aid doubting Elisha’s prophecy. ארובות - window
וַיֹּאמֶר שִׁמְטוּהָ וַיִּשְׁמְטוּהָ וַיִּז מִדָּמָהּ אֶל הַקִּיר וְאֶל הַסּוּסִים וַיִּרְמְסֶנָּה…וַיֵּלְכוּ לְקָבְרָהּ וְלֹא מָצְאוּ בָהּ כִּי אִם הַגֻּלְגֹּלֶת וְהָרַגְלַיִם וְכַפּוֹת הַיָּדָיִם
Jehu tells Jezebel’s servants to throw her out the window. When they went back, all they found was her skull, feet, and hands. גלגלות - skull
דַּבֶּר נָא אֶל עֲבָדֶיךָ אֲרָמִית
King Hezekiah’s servants asking Ravshakeh to speak in Aramaic, not Hebrew. Ravshakeh speaks in Hebrew anyway.
בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם חָלָה חִזְקִיָּהוּ לָמוּת וַיָּבֹא אֵלָיו יְשַׁעְיָהוּ בֶן אָמוֹץ הַנָּבִיא וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו כֹּה אָמַר יְהֹוָה צַו לְבֵיתֶךָ כִּי מֵת אַתָּה וְלֹא תִחְיֶה:
Isaih telling King Hezekiah ot set his affairs in order, he will soon from his illness.
וַיִּשְׁלַח הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיַּאַסְפוּ אֵלָיו כָּל זִקְנֵי יְהוּדָה וִירוּשָׁלָםִ:
King Josiah reads Deuteronomy to all the elders of Judah & Jerursalem.
וְאֶת בְּנֵי צִדְקִיָּהוּ שָׁחֲטוּ לְעֵינָיו וְאֶת עֵינֵי צִדְקִיָּהוּ עִוֵּר וַיַּאַסְרֵהוּ בַנְחֻשְׁתַּיִם וַיְבִאֵהוּ בָּבֶל:
As a punishment for his rebellion, the Babylonians capture King Zedekiah, kill his sons, blind him, and carry him in bronze fetters to Babylon.
וּבַחֹדֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִׁי בְּשִׁבְעָה לַחֹדֶשׁ הִיא שְׁנַת תְּשַׁע עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה לַמֶּלֶךְ נְבֻכַדְנֶאצַּר מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל בָּא נְבוּזַרְאֲדָן רַב טַבָּחִים עֶבֶד מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל יְרוּשָׁלָםִ:ט. וַיִּשְׂרֹף אֶת בֵּית יְהֹוָה וְאֶת בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ וְאֵת כָּל בָּתֵּי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ וְאֶת כָּל בֵּית גָּדוֹל שָׂרַף בָּאֵשׁ: י. וְאֶת חוֹמֹת יְרוּשָׁלַםִ סָבִיב נָתְצוּ כָּל חֵיל כַּשְׂדִּים אֲשֶׁר רַב טַבָּחִים:
King Nebuchadnezar captures Jerusalem, destroys everything, including the Beit HaMikdash. רב טבחים - literally, “major murders” figuratively, the head of the Chaledan guards.
