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SEMINAR - MICRO, MYCO, PARA > Identification > Flashcards

Identification Flashcards

1
Q

Buccal cavity: Triangular, trilobate lips

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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2
Q

Symptoms and Pathology - Larval migration: Eosinophilia (resembles Loeffler’s syndrome)

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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3
Q

MOT/DS of A.Lumbricoides

A

Ingestion/Egg

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4
Q

Adult - w/ lateral wings or cephalic alae

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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5
Q

Pruritus ani

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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6
Q

Resembles Japanese lantern

A

Trichuris trichiura egg

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7
Q

Barrel-shaped w/ bipolar mucus plug

A

Trichuris trichiura egg

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8
Q

Slender or attenuated in the anterior

Resembles a whip

A

Trichuris trichiura adult

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9
Q

S/P of t.trichuria

A

Rectal prolapse (Heavy infection)

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10
Q

pudoc disease or mystery disease

A

Capillaria philippinensis

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11
Q

w/ bipolar mucus plugs that are not as protruded as T. trichiura egg
Guitar, peanut-shaped

A

Capillaria philippinensis egg

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12
Q

Male: w/ chitinized spicule (spicule sheath)
Female: have eggs in utero

A

Capillaria philippinensis adult

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13
Q

S/P of Capillaria philippinensis

A

Borborygmi = peculiar abdominal gurgling sound

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14
Q

Agent of laziness in poor white population and tropical anemia in Puerto Rico

A

Hookworms (Necator, Ancylostoma)

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15
Q

“Morula ball”

A

Hookworms (Necator, Ancylostoma) egg

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16
Q

S-shaped, w/ semilunar cutting plates

A

N. americanus adult

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17
Q

C-shaped, w/ 2 pairs of teeth

A

A. duodenale adult

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18
Q

1st stage larva of hookworms

Short and stout
Open mouth: feeding stage
Buccal cavity: long
Genital primordium: small or inconspicuous

A

Rhabditiform larva

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19
Q

2nd stage larva of hookworms

Long and slender
Closed mouth: nonfeeding stage
Sheath: (+)
Tail: Pointed

A

Filariform larva

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20
Q

MOT Skin penetration

A

Hookworms

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21
Q

Mazza Mora/Water sore or ground itch

A

Hookworms

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22
Q

Lab. Diagnosis of hookworms

A
  1. Stool exam
    = Egg: Diagnostic stage
  2. Harada Mori Culture technique
  3. Baermann funnel technique (Strongyloides)
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23
Q

Cochin-China diarrhea

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

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24
Q

Adult: in intestines
Larva: in muscles

A

Trichinella spiralis

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25
Q

Requires 2 host to complete its life cycle

Propagated by black and brown rats

A

Trichinella spiralis

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26
Q

Male: w/ conical papillae
Female: w/ club-shaped uterus

A

Trichinella spiralis adult

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27
Q

MOT of t.spiralis

A

Ingestion of meat

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28
Q

Diagnostic stage of Trichinella spiralis

A

Muscle biopsy

= Encysted larva

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29
Q

DS of Filarial Worms

A

Microfilaria

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30
Q

Vector-borne nematodes

A

Filarial Worms

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31
Q

Filarial Worms
DH: man (IS: ____)
IH: vector (IS: ___)

A

filiform larva/3rd stage larva

microfilaria

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32
Q

Lab. Diagnosis of Filarial Worms

A

Knott’s technique

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33
Q

Habitat - Lymphatics

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

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34
Q

Vector of Wuchereria bancrofti

A

Aedes

Anopheles

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35
Q

Nocturnal (10PM-2AM)

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

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36
Q

Vector - Mansonia

A

Brugia malayi

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37
Q

Vector of Loa loa

A

Chrysops

Tabanid (mango fly)

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38
Q

Diurnal periodicity

A

Loa loa

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39
Q

Vector - Simulium (black fly)

A

Onchocerca volvulus

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40
Q

Unsheathed microfilaria

A

Onchocerca volvulus

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41
Q

Longest nematode of man

A

Dracunculus medinensis

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42
Q

IH - Cyclops (copepods): aquatic crustacean

A

Dracunculus medinensis

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43
Q

MOT - Ingestion of crustacean

A

Dracunculus medinensis

44
Q

Causes human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis

A

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

45
Q

IH - Mollusks:

  • Achatina fulica
  • Japanese snail
  • Pila luzonica (kuhol)
  • Brotia asperata (suso)
A

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

46
Q

Female: “Barber’s pole appearance”

Looking of whitish uterus to red digestrive tract

A

Angiostrongylus cantonensis adult

47
Q

Causes Herring’s disease

48
Q

1st IH Various marine crustaceans
2nd IH Smallest fishes
3rd IH Larger fishes

49
Q

DH - Dolphins/whales

50
Q

All Trematodes except blood flukes [Schistosomes]

  3. Egg:
  4. MOT:
  5. IS:
  6. IH:
A
  1. Flat, leaf like
  2. Hermaphrodite
  3. Egg: operculated
  4. MOT: ingestion
  5. IS: metacercaria
  6. IH: 2 IH
51
Q

Schistosomes:

  3. Egg:
  4. MOT:
  5. IS:
  6. IH:
A
  1. Elongated and cylindrical
  2. Separate sexes
  3. Egg: Non-operculated
  4. MOT: skin penetration
  5. IS: Cercaria (fork-tailed)
  6. IH: 1 IH (snail)
52
Q

Trematode Eggs:
a. Mature when laid (embryonated

b. Immature when laid (unembryonated):

A

a “CHOS”

  • Schistosoma
  • Heterophyes
  • Opistorchis
  • Clonorchis

b “PEFF”

  • Paragonimus
  • Echinostoma
  • Fasciola
  • Fasciolopsis
53
Q

Life cycle of trematodes

A 
Egg 
> Larva 
(Miracidium>Sporocyst>Redia>
Cercaria>Metacercaria) 
> Adult
54
Q

Habitat of trematodes

Liver
Small Intestines
Lungs

A

Liver: COFF

  • F. hepatica
  • F. gigantica
  • C. sinensis
  • O. felineus

Small Intestines

  • F. buski
  • E. ilocanum
  • H. heterophyes

Lungs:
-P. westermani

55
Q

Causes sheep liver rot

A

Fasciola hepatica

56
Q

w/ cephalic cone

Leaf-like hermaphrodite

A

Fasciola hepatica adult

57
Q

Infects cattle in the Philippines

A

Fasciola gigantica

58
Q

Most important liver fluke of man

A

Clonorchis sinensis

59
Q

Old-fashioned electric light bulb

A

Clonorchis sinensis

60
Q

Largest fluke parasitizing man

A

Fasciolopsis buski

61
Q

Hen’s egg shaped

A

Fasciolopsis buski

62
Q

Smallest but deadliest fluke of man

A

Heterophyes heterophyes

63
Q

Causes endemic hemoptysis

A

Paragonimus westermani

64
Q

w/ thickened abopercular end opposite the operculum

A

Paragonimus westermani Egg

65
Q

Resembles coffee bean

A

Paragonimus westermani adult

66
Q

Most romantic parasite of man

A

Schistosomes

67
Q

Male: w/ gynecophoral canal where the female is held

A

Schistosomes adult

68
Q
  1. Demonstration of egg in feces, rectal or liver biopsies, and urine
  2. Faust and Meleney’s egg hatching technique
  3. Circumoval precipitin test (COP)
A

lab dx Schistosomes

69
Q
  • Human sp: slight allergic reaction

- Nonhuman sp: Swimmer’s itch

A

Schistosomes

70
Q

Causes Katayama’s disease

A

Schistosoma japonicum

71
Q

w/ small knob-like or recurved hook on one side

A

Schistosoma japonicum egg

72
Q

Oncomelania quadrasi IH

A

Schistosoma japonicum

73
Q

Smallest of the blood flukes

w/ lateral spine

A

Schistosoma mansoni egg

74
Q

Vesical blood fluke causing bilharziasis or urinary schistosomiasis (hematuria)

w/ terminal spine

A

Schistosoma haematobium egg

75
Q

Adult: flat and ribbon-like (masking tape)

1 IH only

A

Trematodes

76
Q

Trematodes

= anterior attachment organ
= region of growth
= chains of segments or proglottids

A

Cestode body

Scolex

Neck

Strobila

77
Q

Largest tapeworm of man

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

78
Q

Causes Vit. B12 deficiency anemia

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

79
Q

Scolex: None, no rostellar hooks

A

Taenia saginata

80
Q

Scolex: w/ rostellum armed w/ 2 rows of large and small hooklets

A

Taenia solium

81
Q

Smallest tapeworm of man

A

Hymenolepis nana

82
Q

Scolex: w/ rostellum armed w/ a ring of 20-30 spines

A

Hymenolepis nana

83
Q

w/ oncosphere enclosed in an inner membrane w/ 2 polar thickenings, but ***w/o filaments

A

Hymenolepis diminuta eggs

84
Q

Mature & gravid proglottids: melon seed/pumpkin seed/rice grain-shaped

A

Dipylidium caninum eggs

85
Q

Shortest tapeworm (only 3 segments: immature, mature, ripe/gravid)

Anti-P1

A

Echinococcus granulosus

86
Q

Casoni (intradermal test)

A

Echinococcus granulosus dx test

87
Q

Rhizopoda

Non-motile
Nonfeeding stage
Well-formed stool
Infective stage

88
Q

Rhizopoda

Motile
Feeding stage
Diarrheic/liquid stool
Destroyed by iodine

A

Trophozoites

89
Q

Commensals except Entamoeba histolytica

A

Class Rhizopoda

90
Q 
True amoeba
Peripheral chromatin (trophozoite and cyst)
Chromatoidal bars (cyst)
91
Q

Other amoeba
No peripheral chromatin
No chromatoid bars

A

Endolimax/Iodamoeba

92
Q

Endoplasm: w/ RBC but no bacteria

A

Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoite INTJ

93
Q

1 pseudopod (finger-like)

A

Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoite

94
Q

Motility: Unidirectional & progressive

A

Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoite

95
Q
  • Motility: several directions, sluggish
  • Many pseudopods (blunt & rounded)
  • Endoplasm: w/ bacteria, yeasts and cell detritus (dirty-looking)
A

Entamoeba coli Trophozoite –INTP

96
Q
  • Chromatoidal bars: coffin/rod/cigar/ sausage-shaped

- Mature cyst w/ 1-4 nuclei

A

Entamoeba histolytica CYST

97
Q
  • Chromatoidal bars: splinter-like/ witch-broom/whisked broom
  • Mature cyst w/ 1-8 nuclei
A

Entamoeba coli CYST

98
Q

Smallest amoeba

A

Endolimax nana

99
Q

Associated w/ gum infection

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

100
Q

Large iodine-staining glycogen vacuole

A

Iodamoeba butschlii
Iodamoeba williamsi
CYST

101
Q

Opportunistic Amoeba

A

Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, Hartmanella

102
Q

Major causative agent of PAM

A

Naegleria fowleri

103
Q

Causes keratitis (from contaminated contact lens care solution)

A

Acanthamoeba

104
Q

[Cyst]

  • Lemon to oval-shaped
  • Protrusion at end
  • Nipple-like cyst
A

Chilomastix mesnili

105
Q 
Associated w/ Gay bowel syndrome
[Trophozoite]
-Pear-shaped
-Bilaterally symmetrical
-2 nuclei, each w/ a large karyosome, lying w/in the sucking disk
-Falling leaf motility
-Old man’s face/old man w/ eyeglasses
[Cyst]
-2-4 nuclei
-Football-shaped
A

Giardia lamblia

106
Q 
Trophozoite stage only
Pear-shaped
4-5 flagella
Jerky motility
Undulating membrane: aids in locomotion
A

Trichomonas

107
Q

Causes Pingpong’s disease

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

SEMINAR - MICRO, MYCO, PARA (11 decks)

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