Identification Flashcards
1
Q
Buccal cavity: Triangular, trilobate lips
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
2
Q
Symptoms and Pathology - Larval migration: Eosinophilia (resembles Loeffler’s syndrome)
A
Ascaris lumbricoides
3
Q
MOT/DS of A.Lumbricoides
A
Ingestion/Egg
4
Q
Adult - w/ lateral wings or cephalic alae
A
Enterobius vermicularis
5
Q
Pruritus ani
A
Enterobius vermicularis
6
Q
Resembles Japanese lantern
A
Trichuris trichiura egg
7
Q
Barrel-shaped w/ bipolar mucus plug
A
Trichuris trichiura egg
8
Q
Slender or attenuated in the anterior
Resembles a whip
A
Trichuris trichiura adult
9
Q
S/P of t.trichuria
A
Rectal prolapse (Heavy infection)
10
Q
pudoc disease or mystery disease
A
Capillaria philippinensis
11
Q
w/ bipolar mucus plugs that are not as protruded as T. trichiura egg
Guitar, peanut-shaped
A
Capillaria philippinensis egg
12
Q
Male: w/ chitinized spicule (spicule sheath)
Female: have eggs in utero
A
Capillaria philippinensis adult
13
Q
S/P of Capillaria philippinensis
A
Borborygmi = peculiar abdominal gurgling sound
14
Q
Agent of laziness in poor white population and tropical anemia in Puerto Rico
A
Hookworms (Necator, Ancylostoma)
15
Q
“Morula ball”
A
Hookworms (Necator, Ancylostoma) egg
16
Q
S-shaped, w/ semilunar cutting plates
A
N. americanus adult
17
Q
C-shaped, w/ 2 pairs of teeth
A
A. duodenale adult
18
Q
1st stage larva of hookworms
Short and stout
Open mouth: feeding stage
Buccal cavity: long
Genital primordium: small or inconspicuous
A
Rhabditiform larva
19
Q
2nd stage larva of hookworms
Long and slender
Closed mouth: nonfeeding stage
Sheath: (+)
Tail: Pointed
A
Filariform larva
20
Q
MOT Skin penetration
A
Hookworms
21
Q
Mazza Mora/Water sore or ground itch
A
Hookworms
22
Q
Lab. Diagnosis of hookworms
A
- Stool exam
= Egg: Diagnostic stage - Harada Mori Culture technique
- Baermann funnel technique (Strongyloides)
23
Q
Cochin-China diarrhea
A
Strongyloides stercoralis
24
Q
Adult: in intestines
Larva: in muscles
A
Trichinella spiralis
25
Requires 2 host to complete its life cycle
| Propagated by black and brown rats
Trichinella spiralis
26
Male: w/ conical papillae
Female: w/ club-shaped uterus
Trichinella spiralis adult
27
MOT of t.spiralis
Ingestion of meat
28
Diagnostic stage of Trichinella spiralis
Muscle biopsy
| = Encysted larva
29
DS of Filarial Worms
Microfilaria
30
Vector-borne nematodes
Filarial Worms
31
Filarial Worms
DH: man (IS: ____)
IH: vector (IS: ___)
filiform larva/3rd stage larva
microfilaria
32
Lab. Diagnosis of Filarial Worms
Knott’s technique
33
Habitat - Lymphatics
Wuchereria bancrofti
34
Vector of Wuchereria bancrofti
Aedes
| Anopheles
35
Nocturnal (10PM-2AM)
Wuchereria bancrofti
36
Vector - Mansonia
Brugia malayi
37
Vector of Loa loa
Chrysops
| Tabanid (mango fly)
38
Diurnal periodicity
Loa loa
39
Vector - Simulium (black fly)
Onchocerca volvulus
40
Unsheathed microfilaria
Onchocerca volvulus
41
Longest nematode of man
Dracunculus medinensis
42
IH - Cyclops (copepods): aquatic crustacean
Dracunculus medinensis
43
MOT - Ingestion of crustacean
Dracunculus medinensis
44
Causes human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
45
IH - Mollusks:
- Achatina fulica
- Japanese snail
- Pila luzonica (kuhol)
- Brotia asperata (suso)
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
46
Female: “Barber’s pole appearance”
Looking of whitish uterus to red digestrive tract
Angiostrongylus cantonensis adult
47
Causes Herring’s disease
Anisakis
48
1st IH Various marine crustaceans
2nd IH Smallest fishes
3rd IH Larger fishes
Anisakis
49
DH - Dolphins/whales
Anisakis
50
All Trematodes except blood flukes [Schistosomes]
1.
2.
3. Egg:
4. MOT:
5. IS:
6. IH:
1. Flat, leaf like
2. Hermaphrodite
3. Egg: operculated
4. MOT: ingestion
5. IS: metacercaria
6. IH: 2 IH
51
Schistosomes:
1.
2.
3. Egg:
4. MOT:
5. IS:
6. IH:
1. Elongated and cylindrical
2. Separate sexes
3. Egg: Non-operculated
4. MOT: skin penetration
5. IS: Cercaria (fork-tailed)
6. IH: 1 IH (snail)
52
Trematode Eggs:
a. Mature when laid (embryonated
b. Immature when laid (unembryonated):
a “CHOS”
- Schistosoma
- Heterophyes
- Opistorchis
- Clonorchis
b “PEFF”
- Paragonimus
- Echinostoma
- Fasciola
- Fasciolopsis
53
Life cycle of trematodes
```
Egg
> Larva
(Miracidium>Sporocyst>Redia>
Cercaria>Metacercaria)
> Adult
```
54
Habitat of trematodes
Liver
Small Intestines
Lungs
Liver: COFF
- F. hepatica
- F. gigantica
- C. sinensis
- O. felineus
Small Intestines
- F. buski
- E. ilocanum
- H. heterophyes
Lungs:
-P. westermani
55
Causes sheep liver rot
Fasciola hepatica
56
w/ cephalic cone
| Leaf-like hermaphrodite
Fasciola hepatica adult
57
Infects cattle in the Philippines
Fasciola gigantica
58
Most important liver fluke of man
Clonorchis sinensis
59
Old-fashioned electric light bulb
Clonorchis sinensis
60
Largest fluke parasitizing man
Fasciolopsis buski
61
Hen’s egg shaped
Fasciolopsis buski
62
Smallest but deadliest fluke of man
Heterophyes heterophyes
63
Causes endemic hemoptysis
Paragonimus westermani
64
w/ thickened abopercular end opposite the operculum
Paragonimus westermani Egg
65
Resembles coffee bean
Paragonimus westermani adult
66
Most romantic parasite of man
Schistosomes
67
Male: w/ gynecophoral canal where the female is held
Schistosomes adult
68
1. Demonstration of egg in feces, rectal or liver biopsies, and urine
2. Faust and Meleney’s egg hatching technique
3. Circumoval precipitin test (COP)
lab dx Schistosomes
69
- Human sp: slight allergic reaction
| - Nonhuman sp: Swimmer’s itch
Schistosomes
70
Causes Katayama’s disease
Schistosoma japonicum
71
w/ small knob-like or recurved hook on one side
Schistosoma japonicum egg
72
Oncomelania quadrasi IH
Schistosoma japonicum
73
Smallest of the blood flukes
w/ lateral spine
Schistosoma mansoni egg
74
Vesical blood fluke causing bilharziasis or urinary schistosomiasis (hematuria)
w/ terminal spine
Schistosoma haematobium egg
75
Adult: flat and ribbon-like (masking tape)
| 1 IH only
Trematodes
76
Trematodes
= anterior attachment organ
= region of growth
= chains of segments or proglottids
Cestode body
Scolex
Neck
Strobila
77
Largest tapeworm of man
Diphyllobothrium latum
78
Causes Vit. B12 deficiency anemia
Diphyllobothrium latum
79
Scolex: None, no rostellar hooks
Taenia saginata
80
Scolex: w/ rostellum armed w/ 2 rows of large and small hooklets
Taenia solium
81
Smallest tapeworm of man
Hymenolepis nana
82
Scolex: w/ rostellum armed w/ a ring of 20-30 spines
Hymenolepis nana
83
w/ oncosphere enclosed in an inner membrane w/ 2 polar thickenings, but ***w/o filaments
Hymenolepis diminuta eggs
84
Mature & gravid proglottids: melon seed/pumpkin seed/rice grain-shaped
Dipylidium caninum eggs
85
Shortest tapeworm (only 3 segments: immature, mature, ripe/gravid)
Anti-P1
Echinococcus granulosus
86
Casoni (intradermal test)
Echinococcus granulosus dx test
87
Rhizopoda
Non-motile
Nonfeeding stage
Well-formed stool
Infective stage
Cyst
88
Rhizopoda
Motile
Feeding stage
Diarrheic/liquid stool
Destroyed by iodine
Trophozoites
89
Commensals except Entamoeba histolytica
Class Rhizopoda
90
```
True amoeba
Peripheral chromatin (trophozoite and cyst)
Chromatoidal bars (cyst)
```
Entamoeba
91
Other amoeba
No peripheral chromatin
No chromatoid bars
Endolimax/Iodamoeba
92
Endoplasm: w/ RBC but no bacteria
Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoite INTJ
93
1 pseudopod (finger-like)
Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoite
94
Motility: Unidirectional & progressive
Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoite
95
- Motility: several directions, sluggish
- Many pseudopods (blunt & rounded)
- Endoplasm: w/ bacteria, yeasts and cell detritus (dirty-looking)
Entamoeba coli Trophozoite --INTP
96
- Chromatoidal bars: coffin/rod/cigar/ sausage-shaped
| - Mature cyst w/ 1-4 nuclei
Entamoeba histolytica CYST
97
- Chromatoidal bars: splinter-like/ witch-broom/whisked broom
- Mature cyst w/ 1-8 nuclei
Entamoeba coli CYST
98
Smallest amoeba
Endolimax nana
99
Associated w/ gum infection
Entamoeba gingivalis
100
Large iodine-staining glycogen vacuole
Iodamoeba butschlii
Iodamoeba williamsi
CYST
101
Opportunistic Amoeba
Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, Hartmanella
102
Major causative agent of PAM
Naegleria fowleri
103
Causes keratitis (from contaminated contact lens care solution)
Acanthamoeba
104
[Cyst]
- Lemon to oval-shaped
- Protrusion at end
- Nipple-like cyst
Chilomastix mesnili
105
```
Associated w/ Gay bowel syndrome
[Trophozoite]
-Pear-shaped
-Bilaterally symmetrical
-2 nuclei, each w/ a large karyosome, lying w/in the sucking disk
-Falling leaf motility
-Old man’s face/old man w/ eyeglasses
[Cyst]
-2-4 nuclei
-Football-shaped
```
Giardia lamblia
106
```
Trophozoite stage only
Pear-shaped
4-5 flagella
Jerky motility
Undulating membrane: aids in locomotion
```
Trichomonas
107
Causes Pingpong’s disease
Trichomonas vaginalis
