ID Pharm Chart Flashcards
What drug is part of the class Antimalarial 4-aminoquinolone
Chloroquine
sulfate
MOA Chloroquine
sulfate
Increases
accumulation of
toxic free heme
in parasite
indications of Chloroquine
sulfate
P. vivax,
P. ovale,
P. malariae
sensitive P. falciparum
malaria
What drug class is Iodoquinol
Antiamebacide
halogenated hydroxyquinoline
MOA of Iodoquinol
unknown
indications of Iodoquinol
acute & chronic intestinal amebiasis
what is an Antiamebocide
Nitroimidazole antibiotic
Metronidazole
MOA of Metronidazole
disrupts helical DNA structure and causes DNA strand breakage
indications of Metronidazole
susceptible anaerobic bacterial & protozoal infxns;
C difficile infxns
what drug class is Mebendazole part of
Antihelminthic
Benzimidazole antihelmintic
MOA of Mebendazole
inhibits microtubule synthesis
indications of Mebendazole
Infxn of hookworm, pinworm, ascariasis trichuriasis
what drug is under the class Antihelminthic?
Praziquantel
MOA Praziquantel
causes spastic paralysis and tegumental damage in helminthes
Indications Praziquantel
schistosome, taenia infxn
several other rarer parasites
Drugs class of Permethrin
Antiscabide
Anti-pediculosis & anti-scabicide drug
MOA of Permethrin
delays Na ion influx through nerve and cell membrane producing paralysis and death
Indications of Permethrin
Tx head louse, scabies
drug class of Nitrofurantoin
Urinary antiseptic
Miscellaneous antibiotic
MOA of Nitrofurantoin
inhibits several bacterial enzyme
systems (including acetyl CoA) interfering with metabolism & possibly cell wall synthesis
Indications of Nitrofurantoin
Px/Tx
urinary tract
infections
Drug class of Acyclovir
Nucleoside
MOA of Acyclovir
Inhibits viral DNA
synthesis & viral
replication
indications of Acyclovir
Mucocutaneous Herpes Simplex (HSV-1 & HSV-2) infections,
VZV infections (varicella, shingles)
what drugs are Nucleosides
Famcyclovir
Valcyclovir
MOA of Famcyclovir
Inhibits DNA polymerase, selectively inhibiting herpes viral DNA synthesis and replication
Indications of Nucleosides
HSV, Herpes Zoster (shingles)
MOA of Valcyclovir
Inhibits DNA
polymerase;
incorporates into viral
DNA
what are the M2 pump inhibitors
- Amantadine
2. Rimantadine
MOA of Amantadine
Inhibits uncoating of influenza A virus preventing penetration of virus into host;
dopamine agonists
indication of Amantadine
Influenza A,
Parkinson’s Disease
MOA of Rimantadine
Exact MOA unknown; possibly
inhibits viral uncoating and replication
indications of Rimantadine
Influenza A
what are the Neuroamidase inhibitors
Oseltamivir
Zanamivir
MOA of Oseltamivir
Prodrug converted to active form and inhibits cleaving of virus from cellular envelope preventing release
Indications fo Oseltamivir
Treatment & prophylaxis
influenza A & B
MOA of Zanamivir
Inhibits cleaving of virus from cellular envelope preventing release
indications of Zanamivir
Tx & Px influenza A & B
drug class of Ribavarin
Misc.
Also Anti- Hep C
MOA of Ribavarin
Inhibits replication DNA, RNA viruses via inhibition of protein synthesis
indications of Ribavarin
RSV in infants, Hepatitis C (with peg interferon alfa-2a)
Drug class of Lamivudine
Antiretroviral Drugs:
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTIs)
MOA od Lamivudine
Inhibits viral RNA to DNA transcription
indications of Lamivudine
HBV,
HIV
Drug class of Delavirdine
Antiretroviral Drugs:
Non-nuceloside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors
(NNRTI)
indications of Delavirdine
HIV
MOA of Delavirdine
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
what drug is under the class Antiretroviral Drugs: Protease inhibitors (PIs)
Darunavir
MOA of Darunavir
Binds to active site of
HIV protease
Indications of Darunavir
HIV
What drug is under the class Antiretroviral Drugs: Fusion Inhibitors
Enfuvirtide
what is the MOA of Enfuvirtide
Inhibits fusion of virus with host cell membrane; blocking entry and subsequent viral replication
Indications of Enfuvirtide
HIV
Drug class of Maraviroc
Antiretroviral Drugs:
CCR5 Antagonists
MOA of Maraviroc
Binds to human CCR5 receptors,
blocking HIV gp120 attachment and preventing cell entry
Indications of Maraviroc
HIV
Drug class of Raltegravir
Antiretroviral Drugs:
Integrase Inhibitors
MOA of Raltegravir
Inhibits HIV integras, preventing viral DNA insertion into host cell DNA
Indications of Raltegravir
HIV
what drug is ALSO in the class Antihepatitis B Drug
** HINT THIS IS A DRUG WE ALREADY SAW
Lamivudine
MOA of Lamivudine
Inhibits reverse transcriptase; incorporates into viral DNA (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)
Inhibit Lamivudine
HBV/HIV
What drug is in the class Antihepatitis B or C Drug
Pegylated Interferon Alfa 2a
MOA of Pegylated Interferon Alfa 2a
1. Binds to specific cell membrane receptors inhibiting viral penetration, translocation, transcription, protein processing, maturation and release 2. increases phagocytic activity macrophages 3. increases number and survival of cytotoxic T cells
Indications of Pegylated Interferon Alfa 2a
HBV, HCV infections
weird but what drug that was miscellaneous is also an Antihepatitis C drug
Ribavirin
Also used for RSV in kids; Used with Pegylated Interferon Alfa 2a for Hep C
what drug class is Sofosbuvir
Antihepatitis C Drug
Agent: Hep C Polymerase Inhibitor (AntiHCV)
MOA of Sofosbuvir
Direct acting antiviral against Hep C virus;
prodrug that is converted to active form intracellularly & inhibits HCV NS5B RNA-dependent polymerase needed for viral replication and acts as a chain terminator.
indications of Sofosbuvir
Chronic Hep C genotype 1, 2,
3, 4 (w/ Rabavirin or Peg Interferon α & Ribavirin)
(Also w/ Ledipasvir/Sofos buvir for Chronic Hep C genotype 1)
what drug is in the class
Antihepatitis C Drug
HCV NS5A inhibitor/Hepatitis C
Polymerase Inhibitor
Ledipasvir & Sofosbuvir
MOA Ledipasvir & Sofosbuvir
Ledipasvir inhibits HCV NS5A protein needed for viral replication;
Sofosbuvir inhibits NS5B RNAdependent RNA polymerase needed for viral replication and acts as a chain terminator
Indications of Ledipasvir &
Sofosbuvir
Chronic Hepatitis C,
genotype 1
what is the drug class of Rifampin
Antituberculus drug
Misc. Abx
MOA of Rifampin
Inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by blocking RNA transcription
Indications of Rifampin
TB;
elimination meningococci from nasopharynx in carriers
what is the drug class of Isoniazid
Antituberculus drug
MOA of Isoniazid
Possibly interruption of mycolic acid synthesis resulting in disruption of bacterial cell wall
Indications of Isoniazid
TB, latent TB