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USMLE Step 2 > ID > Flashcards

ID Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acute HIV presentation

A 
fever, fatigue
myalgia, arthralgia
generalized nontender lymphadenpatyh
diarrhea, weightloss
rash
oral ulcers
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2
Q

disseminated histoplasmosis

A

common in severe immunodeficiency

  • bilateral lung infiltrates with calcified hilar nodes
  • mucocutaneous lesions
dx= urine antigen
tx= amphotericin
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3
Q

scarlet fever

A

pharyngitis

rash along skin folds –> desquamates

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4
Q

antibiotics for newborn meningitis?

A

AMP + cefotaxime
-or-
AMP + gentimicin

**ceftriaxone cause cause kernicterus in <1 yo

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5
Q

when do you give Tdap vs Tdap with TIG?

A

TIG only when wound is not clean or its huge

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6
Q

toxo proph in HIV?

A

CD4 <100 give TMP-SMX

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7
Q

toxo in HIV patient?

A

ring enhancing lesionS –> involve basal ganglia

Tx with sulfalazine, prymethamine

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8
Q

mastoiditis: best dx test, best tx

A

CT!! –> opacification of mastoid air cells

IV vanc

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9
Q

first line vs second line med for neuropathic pain of VZV

A 
1st= TCA....but look for heart conditions!!
2nd= gapapentin
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10
Q

adeno conjunctivitis is…..

HSV conjunctivitis is…..

A

bilat

unilat

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11
Q

ring enhancing lesion >4cm that involves corpus collosum in HIV pt?

A

CNS lymphoma (EBV+)

tx= methotrexate

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12
Q

AOM bugs in kids?

A

h flu
moraxella
strep pneumo

**use azithromycin if previous allergic reaction

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13
Q

complications of malignant otitis externa

A

facial nerve palsy
osteomyltitis of the skull base

tx= IV FQ
(seen in old people with poorly control DM)

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14
Q

orbital cellulitis most likely spread from….

distinguish it from preseptal cellulitis?

A

ETHMOIDAL sinus

orbital cellulitis has pain with EOM

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15
Q

how does treamtment of infantile botulism differ from adult?

A

use HUMAN antitoxin in babies because less risk for hypersensitivity rxn because no forgein antigens

(you can use horse antitoxin in adults)

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16
Q

rabies PEP?

A

rabies vaccine and IG

only req vaccine if you’ve already recieved this in the past

17
Q

ketotifen

A

second gen anti-histamine that is used for allergic conjunctivis

18
Q

pannus (of the eye)

A

corneal hazziness that is pathogmnemonic for trachomal conjunctivitis

19
Q

most common anterior mediastinal mass and assoc

A

thymoma –> myasthenia gravis

20
Q

temporal bone fracture cause CSF _______ and

basilar ANTERIOR cranial fossa fracture cause CSF______ and ______

A

ottorrhea, battle signs (postauricular hematoma)

rhinnorrhea and racoon’s eyes

21
Q

most common nec fasc bug

A

strep pyogenes

22
Q

complication of cervical spine fracture

A

immediate or delayed cervical spinal cord compression/ phrenic nerve paaralysis

*do not be fooled by a normal looking pulse Ox, look at all other signs too

23
Q

test for meniscus injury

A

MRI, but arthroscopy is definitive

**looko for stupid ass reasons why a patient can’t have an MRI

24
Q

tx for jarisch herxheimer rxn

A

NSAIDS

*release of exotoxin from spirochetes as abx kill them. Usually in syphillis

25
Q

presentation of scarlett fever

A
  • flushed cheeks with perioral clearing
  • rash in arm pits and groin
  • beefy red tongue

after 1-2 weeks, peeling of palms and soles

26
Q

tx for scarlett fever

A

penicillin

**macrolide if allergy

27
Q

laryngomalacia

A

floppy supraglottic structures that cause inspiratory stridors, peaks at 4-8 months, usu resolve by 18

dx with direct laryngoscopy

28
Q

mst common cause of abnormal hemostasis in CRF?

A

platelt dysfunction

tx= desmopressin (d not tranfuse platelts)

29
Q

CT signs of ischemic colitis

A

bowel wall thickening, pneumatosis

classic is painful hematochezia after repair of AAA

30
Q

classic presentation of CAH (21)

A

dehydration, salt wasting, (hyperk), virilization

dx= inc 17-OH-prog

(you can’t make glucocorticoids or mineralcorticoids)

31
Q

takayasu arterities

A

large vessel vascultisi that effects younger asian women

  • upper extremitiy:
  • ->ulcer
  • ->claudication
  • ->pulse deficits
  • ->BP descrepencies

USMLE Step 2 (18 decks)

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