ICU study guide Flashcards
why is it important to thoroughly read each patient’s flow sheet prior to beginning any procedures or treatments?
incase an amount or drug was changed for the patient and weren’t told; you want to make sure everything matches if it’s different or already completed and didn’t notice
when should hourly procedures be started in the ICU?
30 minutes before
four basic areas that should be monitored for every patient that may not be listed on the flow sheet
how they feel
what they are doing
clean cage
IV catheter okay
when recording your observations on the flow sheet give a few examples of what should be included
vomiting
urine
feces
attitude
how they are doing
laying or standing
how often should the IV fluids be checked?
every hour
when checking IV fluids what should you check the flow sheet for?
rate and type of fluids
what should you check the fluid pump for?
match rate
is the pump on
match fluid type
what should IV lines be checked for?
they are clean
if they are kinked
connected
off the floor
what should IV catheters be checked for?
still in place
wrapped
any swelling
what needs to be marked on an IV fluid bag?
additives or not
date spiked
time spiked
TPR normals for dogs and cats
t: 100-102
p: 60-120, 120-180
r: 8-20
what is the importance of trends?
to see how the patient has been doing for previous checks if something were to change
when should gloves be worn when working with patients?
always; switch after every patient
when are latex gloves to be worn?
chemo patient
zoonotic patient
received nuclear scans
asepsis
clean and sterile; important to not transfer bacteria from one patient to another
what is labeled on a syringe when drawing drugs for administration?
name
route
concentration
what are the steps (5) for disconnecting and reconnecting a patients from fluid pump?
- pause or stop pump
- clamp t-set attached to patient
- disconnect
- put needle to cover end of fluid line
- alcohol swab port and flush with saline to ensure connection
when is nolvasan used vs bleach when cleaning cages?
nolvasan: if same animal is returning to cage
bleach: if different animal is using cage
pain score symptoms 0-4
0: asleep
1: resting comfortably (BAR, QAR)
2: whining and anxious but settles down when comforted
3: painful and vocal upon palpation
4: extremely agitated and vocal, won’t settle down, elevated HR and RR and temp
code status (red, yellow, green)
red: DNR
yellow: close chest CPR
green: open chest CPR
what does CAB stand for?
circulation
airways
breathing
what are the 3 phases of CPR?
BLS
ALS
recovery or prolonged
asystole
flatlined
pulseless electrical activity
electrical activity of the heart is too weak to make a beat so the heart stops
V-Tach
(mechanical activity) ventricles beat quickly
cardiac output
how much blood the heart is pumping out
what are the 3 types of arrest?
cardio - blood flow stops
pulmonary - breathing stops
cardiopulmonary - combination
what is the current number of chest compressions pre minute for CPR in animals?
100-120 compressions
1/3-1/2 depth of chest
30:2 ratio of compressions to breaths if alone
what are 2 compression techniques used in animals and when should each be used?
thoracic pump theory: left lateral recumbency; using cavity pressure to start heart
cardiac pump theory: dorsal recumbency; right over heart
why is it a good idea to attach an ECG to the patient during CPR?
if the rhythm changes to where it can be shocked
main ways to deliver oxygen to a patient for CPR
ventilator
ambu bag
mouth to snout
can a torn toe nail wait an hour
yes
can a dyspneic patient have a mild sedative?
yes
MOF
multiple organ failure
Anaphylaxis
doesn’t mess with the eyes
what is elevated with an urethral obstruction?
potassium (causes bradycardia)
if a patient ingests a toxin, what is the mark when vomiting can’t be done to help anymore?
6 hours
a patient with any head trauma can’t wait in lobby even if stable
true
