ICT systems In every Day

Question 1

Hard disks

Answer 1

• Main storage device of a computer system
• a read/write head for each surface
• Access speeds are faster then a CD drive

Question 2

Optical disks

Answer 2

• Data is burned onto the surface
• The disks are supplied with information e.g music
• The user can read data but not write to it
• The cost is determined by the application stored on it

Question 3

Magnetic tape streamers

Answer 3

-A tape streamer reads and writes data stored on magnetic tape
(DAT) digital audio tape
-Transfer of data is slow because magnetic tape uses serial access
-Magnetic tape is an inexpensive way to store large amounts of fat

Question 4

USB flash drives

Answer 4

• Flash drives are referred to as ‘pen drives’
• The flash drive becomes active when plugged into a USB port
• They are portable devices that use low power consumption
• They work on the principle of ‘plug and play’
• Cost is linked to capacity of the USB flash drive

Question 5

ROM (read-only memory)

Answer 5

• This type of memory can be read from but not written to
• Programmes stored on ROM are permeant therefore ROM is non-volatile
• This type of memory stores the ‘booting up’ Programmes for the windows operating system

Question 6

RAM (random-access memory)

Answer 6

• This type of memory can be read from but not written to
• It is volatile which means the contents of memory are list when the computer is switched off
• It is used to hold the current application Programmes and data that the user is working with

Question 7

Cache memory

Answer 7

• Similar to RAM in that instructions can be read from or written to
• It’s purpose is to store frequently accessed programs instructions

Question 8

advantages of LAN

Answer 8

• Expensive peripherals can be shared between a number of computers
• Users can communicate with each other on the network e.g electronic conferencing
• Users have flexible access

Question 9

File server

Answer 9

• More powerful than other computers, with a large amount of RAM and hard disk space
• It manages file and network security across the network
• It makes sure that only authorized users log on to the system

Question 10

Network Interface Card

Answer 10

-Each computer must have a network interface card so that it can communicate with devices on the network
-A network cable inserted into the port on the NIC connects the PC to the file server
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Question 11

Switches

Answer 11

• Connects to a group of computers
• Connects to a file server
• Can send data to a particular computer

Question 12

Router

Answer 12

• Shares a network connection between devices
• May have integrated security features e,g firewall
• Translates information from the internet so that the computers on a LAN can understand it

Question 13

Encryption

Answer 13

• Data can be encrypted to prevent unauthorized access
• Data is encrypted or encoded using encryption key software
• Encrypted data is unreadable to anyone who intercepts it
• Only a user with the encryption key can read the software

Question 14

Define virus

Answer 14

A computer program designed to damage some aspect of an information system

Question 15

Define worms

Answer 15

Worms are virus’s which spread by replication and do not have to be attached to a document or programme

Question 16

Define Trojan horse

Answer 16

Gain entry to a users computer ‘in disguise’, the user may think the programme is helpful

Question 17

Mobile phones

Answer 17

• Use radio frequency to transmit data
• Are small, portable and easy to carry around
• Can be used anywhere there is a network coverage

Question 18

Expand PDA

Answer 18

Persona, digital assistants

Question 19

Laptops

Answer 19

• are wireless-enabled
• can be connected to a wireless network using WI-FI technology
• Use Bluetooth technology to pair with devices e.g printers

Question 20

Expand Wi-Fi

Answer 20

Wireless fidelity

Question 21

Expand 3G

Answer 21

Third generation

Question 22

Expand WAP

Answer 22

Wireless application protocol

Question 23

Advantages of wifi

Answer 23

• Users can log on in any location
• Users can use a wide range of devices
• A network can be setup without wires

Question 24

Disadvantages for Wi-Fi

Answer 24

• Signal strength varies according to distance from the wireless router
• The connection may not be as secure as a wired connection
• Weather conditions may affect the connection

Question 25

Advantages of 3G

Answer 25

• Coverage is available where normal broadband is not
• Devices can also be used for voice calls and a range of other data services
• Video calling is possible

Question 26

Disadvantages of 3G

Answer 26

• Performance is affected by network coverage and the string of the signal
• Increased power consumption requires a larger, high-capacity battery
• Data transfer can be expensive

Question 27

Bluetooth advantages

Answer 27

• Signal can penetrate solid objects
• Line of sight is not needed
• The cost is lower and les shower is used then with other technologies

Question 28

Disadvantages of Bluetooth

Answer 28

• Signal carries over only a short range
• Security is at a lower level
• Data transmission rate is lower

Question 29

Advantages of WAP

Answer 29

• Coverage is available where normal broadband is not

- Network services and information can be accessed from a mobile device

Question 30

Disadvantages of WAP

Answer 30

• Data transfer is slow
• Availability is limited
• WAP is less popular now smartphones provide full browser

Question 31

Define internet

Answer 31

A network of networks that don’t contain information and provide transport links for information to pass between computers

Question 32

Define World Wide Web

Answer 32

• Is an application that runs on the internet
• Is the largest and most used service on the internet
• Can be described as a multimedia service on the internet

Question 33

Define intranet

Answer 33

An intranet is a private network website used within an organisation