ict revision Flashcards
topic 1
data,information and knowledge
What do computers process?
Data
What do computers process?
data
Topic 1 Data,information and knowledge
What is data?
Data is raw facts and fingers
Topic 1 Data,information and knowledge
Give 2 examples of data?
Plotting graph to show a trend
Working out the average
what data type is used for each of the following data: A) 24 B)36.8 C)£9.99 D)27/09/2003 E)average age of pupils in a class F)Andrew
A)Integers B)Decimals C)Currency D)Dates E)Calculated F)Strings
What is the difference between data and information?
A computer processes data to output information
How do u get knowledge from information?
People apply rules to information to get knowledge
What does GIGO stand for?
Garbage in garbage out
What does encoding mean?
When large amounts of data I needs to be entered into a computer system it is encoded.
Give an example of encoding?
Gender
M=male
F=female
What are the advantages of encoding data?
Coded data is quicker to type in
List 3 interactive services available through interactive digital TV
Email
Betting
Dating
Give 2 advantages and 1 disadvantage of using interactive digital TV for betting?
2 advantages for betting
1) It’s quicker as you don’t need to travel to a shop
2) Winnings are simply added to your account
1 disadvantage for betting
You need to have a credit card to set up a account,which can encourage you to spend more
Why might some people not want to vote online in government elections?
Not everyone has access to interactive television or the internet
What is a input device?
A keyboard or mouse
Give 2 input devices and 2 output devices for gaming
Input➡️➡️game controller and joystick
Outpit➡️➡️monitor and tv
2 advantages of computer games at home.
1) many games are educational and can be used to teach
2) some online game encourage teamwork
2 disadvantages of playing computer games
1) Many parents worry about the amount of time their children spend playing a computer game. They can be addictive.
2) Some games are violent and it is through that they cause teenagers to act violently.
- Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) are used in schools.
Give three uses of a VLE by teachers or students.
Use 1
Use 2
Use 3
Messaging: Communicate between teachers and students.
Homework can be sent and revived e.gtests
test result
Name three different electronic methods of registering pupil’s attendance in school. For each method, describe how data is captured and give different advantages or disadvantages for these methods.
Smart Cards / Swipe cards Plastic cards that contain a chip Advantage Can be used for many other school facilities – e.g. library and canteen Disadvantages Can be lost easily
Online Teacher registers pupils by computer Advantage Can be accessed by all teaching staff Disadvantage Takes up teaching time
OMR
Mark made on sheet about whether absent or present
Advantage
Cost can be lower than other methods of registration
Disadvantage
have to be entered manually
(c) The misuse of email can cause problems. State one misuse and give a way of preventing it. Misuse and Prevention:
Cyber bullying – email monitoring
Other than health problems, give two disadvantages of playing computer games.
Violent games and cyber bullying
Give two advantages of playing computer games.
Educational and entertaining
Input. Output. Storage Gamepad. ✅ Joystick Monitor Memory card Speakers
Input,output,storage,output
Digital photography is widely used.
Name an output device used in digital photography.
Printer
Name four different features of photo editing software and describe how each is used in digital photography. 4 × 1
Resize-able to make a photo fit into a frame
Cropping-making a image smaller
Zoom – to focus on a certain part of the photo
Edit colours - to make black and white
Other than sharing photographs and videos, name two different uses of social networking.
Email and wall posts
Other than addiction, give one specific danger of using social networking.
Identity theft
The highest recorded temperature was 21°C and this was the warmest day of the week. Is this knowledge,data or information
Knowledge
15°C, 14°C, 19°C, 20°C and 21°C. Is this infor,knowledge or data
Information
15, 14, 19, 20, 21. Is this infor,knowledge or data
Data
Give two other different ways of displaying weather information on a computer.
Text and maps
Is player ID a record or field
Field
The key field is Player ID. State the purpose of the key field.
To make each record unique
if the date of birth is wrote incorrect in a database what could you do prevent it happening again
Drop down list
Give two specific advantages of using a spreadsheet for working out the Profit.
Draw graphs and accurate calculation
What is information?
Information has been processed
What is knowledge?
Knowledge has rules rules applied
Give a description of GIGO
If the data collected contains errors, the information produced will also contain errors no matter how well it is processed. If we put the wrong data into a computer we will get the wrong results.
What is meant by the term range check?
Checks that numbers are between a certain rage
What is meant by the term format check?
Makes sure that the correct mix of letters and numbers is entered.
What is meant by the term presence check?
Checks that a field is not empty.
What is meant by the term check digit?
An extra number added to the end of a longer set of numbers. This extra number is worked out by performing a calculation on the longer set numbers.
Describe 1 health issue associated with computer gaming
RSI➡️➡️ caused by repetitive gaming motions
Explain what is meant by a megapixel and explain why they are important when purchasing a new camera
A megapixel is one million pixels. A pixel is a spot of light. The more megapixels the better the image quality.
Name 3 output devices used in digital photography
Printer
Camera screen
Mobile phone screen
Give 3 uses of social networking sites
Messaging
Post videos
Download music
Describe 1 danger of using social networking services
Paedophiles may be browsing- no guarantee of indentity
What does mms mean?
Multimedia messages with images
Other than calls or SMS,give 4 other tasks performed by a mobile phone
Browsing the internet
Email
Mms
Photograph
Provide a definition of the term download
Taking a file from the internet and saving it on your computer
What is dial up?
Modems connect to a telephone line
Name 2 ways to connect to the internet and for each one write a advantage and disadvantage
Cable. Dis➡️unavailable in some locations. Ad➡️Is a faster connection
Satellite. Dis➡️could be expensive. Ad➡️It allows people to gain high access to the internet
Name 2 uses of Bluetooth connection technologies?
File sharing
Gand free systems
Explain 3 problems with using GIS?
Maps not up to date
Causes of accidents
Can send lorries drivers down rural roads
Give an example of GIS?
Sat navies
Why might people not agree with online shopping?
Card details could get stolen
State 2 reasons why a business may want to switch to online service?
Open 24/7
Cheaper rent
What is verification?
When online shopping and booking sites attempt to stop errors when data is entered into their inline forms
What is a visual check?
It is when the website allows you to double check if your address is entered correctly
What it double keying?
When it tells you if have to enter either your email twice or your password
What is parity check?
To check to ensure that the order you make is received correctly.
What is mis stand for?
Management information service
Registration
What is paper based?
Am/pm are logged on a piece of paper by the form teacher.
Registration
What is keyboard entry?
Marks are typed into a computer
Registration
What is OMR?
Form teachers log whether pupils are present by shading in a box on a sheet.
Registration
What is smart cards?
These cards contain a chips and San hold a lot of information
Registration
What are magnetic strip cards?
Are used to enable pupils to swipe into school,these contain less information then smart cards
Registration
What is biometric?
Pupils can scan their fingerprint or eyes to log their attendance each day.
Give 2 forms a BIS might take place?
Pupils can change their marks
Hard to change mistakes
Who are MIS used for?
Manganese
What do MIS provide?
The data they need to make decisions
Give 1 advantage of MIS?
Writing timetables
Give 1 disadvantage of MIS?
MIS can be very expensive.
Where is data logging used?
Schools for science experiments
Name 2 ways which logging data may be analysed using a computer?
Performing calculations
Producing charts
A weather report tells you to expect strong winds in the north and highest temperature in the South. What 2 sensors would have been used to collect this data?
Wind
Heat
What is on screen help and shortcuts?
Shortcuts enable you to carry out common tasks
What is folder management?
Can easily create folders to organise files
Give 3 common tasks you may carry out using an operating systems control panel.
Security
Hardware settings
Software settings
Describe what the term shortcut in desktop environment.
To carry out a common tasks
Name 3 devices and 3 software types to help learners with disabilities
Microphone➡️mobile phones voice record
Touch screen➡️iPads,TVS phones e.c.t
Voice recognition ➡️Siri on apple products
Describe what is meant to install a new application
An application is a piece of software that allows you to carry out a particular set of tasks
Describe an information source,with reasons,to find the latest share price
The internet because it is up to date
A teacher is searching a MIS. He wants to find students in the form class of 10M who opted to take the subject of art. Write the query terms that he would need to enter into a computer using the form operator criteria.
Form class =10m AND subject=art
Explain the relationship between fields,records and files
A field is a particular item of data a record is a collection of fields,a file is a collection of records
Give 3 features of a report produced by a database management system.
Date
Page number
Title
What does this mean >0?
Grater than 0
What is CC?
Carbon copy. People can see other addresses that you have sent a group email to.
What is BCC?
It’s blind carbon copy. People cannot see other addresses that you have sent a group message to.
How do you stop viruses when using email
Virus scanning software
Write down a suitable function to find the average test scores in cell range B23:B 30
AVERAGE(B23:B30)
Give 3 formatting techniques to improve the appearance of a spreadsheet
Borders
Font
Currency
What does this do $
To stop the relative cell reference from happening
Explain what is meant by the term spreadsheet model
Changing data
Compose a formula to add the contents of absolute references A1,B4 and C7
$A$1+$B$4+$C$7
Describe what is meant by feedback/non feedback in control systems
Feedback is where the output affects the input. Non feedback is where the output has no effect on the input
What causes RSI?
Repeatedly typing using a keyboard
What is the meaning of information?
Information is data that has been processed by a computer and been given a meaning
What is knowledge
Knowledge is obtained by applying a set of rules to the information to make a decision based on it.
What is transcription errors
These are mistakes made when typing data into a computer
What is transcription errors
These are mistakes made when typing data into a computer
What is transposition errors
When letters or numbers are entered in the wrong order. These mistakes are easily made when data is entered quickly.
What is transposition errors
When letters or numbers are entered in the wrong order. These mistakes are easily made when data is entered quickly.
