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Undeleted > geography unit 1 > Flashcards

geography unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Kyoto protocol

-climate change

A

A international agreement that aims to reduce the carbon dioxide

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2
Q

Carbon credits

Climate change

A

Selling the the amount of co2 left over

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3
Q

Emissions trading

Climate change

A

Trading their co2

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4
Q

Carbon sinks

Climate change

A

Planting tress to absorb the co2 eg Amazon rainforest

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5
Q

Greenhouse effect

Climate change

A

The warming of the earths atmosphere by the releases of gasses eg Meghan carbon dioxide

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6
Q

Green house gases

Climate change

A

Any of the gases that contribute to the greenhouse eg methane ch4,carbon dioxide co2,water vapour and nitros oxide no2

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7
Q

Global warming

Climate change

A

The increase of the average temperature due to carbon dioxide and other gases due to burning fossil fuels

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8
Q

Long wave radiation

Climate change

A

Heat reflecting from the earths surface

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9
Q

Short wave radiation

Climate change

A

Energy from the sun

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10
Q

Keeling curve

Climate change

A

A graph showing the co2 in the earths surface since 1958

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11
Q

Ippc

Climate change

A

International panelon climate change

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12
Q

Climate

Climate change

A

The average weather conditions over a period of time

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13
Q

Weather

Climate change

A

The state of the atmosphere

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14
Q

Storm surge

Climate change

A

Rapid rise of sea level

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15
Q

Drought

Climate change

A

Long period of dry weather

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16
Q

Water stress

Climate change

A

Fresh water resources

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17
Q

Sustainability

Climate change

A

Meeting the needs of today’s population without the needs of further generations

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18
Q

Biofuels

Climate change

A

Any kind of fuel manufactured from living things or waste

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19
Q

Clean energy

Climate change

A

Also known has renewable energy

Energy that comes from resource which are naturally replenished eg rain,tidal

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20
Q

Carbon neutral

Climate change

A

Removing co2 from the atmosphere as we put it in

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21
Q

Collision margin

Hazards

A

Plates moving towards eachother

Both plates pushed up forming fold mountains eg Himalayas

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22
Q

Conservative margin

Hazard

A

Plates slides passed eachother
Friction overcomes and plate slip past in a sudden movement
Causing earthquake

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23
Q

Constructive margin

Hazards

A

Plates move apart

Volcanoes are formed as magma fills the gap and eventually new crust is formed

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24
Q

Destructive boundary

Hazards

A 
Two plates move together 
Heavier plate gets pushed underneath and plate melts due to high temperatures 
Lots of friction causing earthquake 
Magma rises to form a volcanic eruption 
Land forms like volcanic island eg Java
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25
Q

Crust

Hazards

A

The thin outer layer of the earths surface made of rock

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26
Q

Earthquake

Hazards

A

The shaking of the earths surface caused by rock movement

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27
Q

Epicentre

Hazards

A

The point on the ground directly above the focus of an earthquake

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28
Q

Fold mountains

Hazards

A

Formed when 2 tectonics plate that move towards eachother

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29
Q

Geothermal energy

Hazards

A

Energy from the hot rock,water is pumped down to the rock and turned into steam. Can be used to heat homes or make electricity. A lot of pollution

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30
Q

Island arc

Hazards

A

A group of volcanoes usually situated in a curving arch

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31
Q

Lahar

Hazards

A

Hot or cold mixture of water and rock fragments that flow down a volcano slopes

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32
Q

Lava

Hazards

A

Melted rock that erupts from a volcano

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33
Q

Magma

Hazards

A

Melted rock below the earths surface

When reaches the surface it’s called lahar

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34
Q

Mantle

Hazards

A

The middle layer of the earth between the crust and core

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35
Q

Metamorphic rock

Hazards

A

Formed from outer rocks that are changed because of heat or pressure

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36
Q

Plate margin

Hazards

A

When oceanic and continental plates move together

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37
Q

Plate tectonics

Hazards

A

The structure of the earths crust

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38
Q

Richter scale

Hazards

A

A scale measuring earthquakes energy

39
Q

Subduction zone

Hazards

A

Where the plates are and causing problems such as volcanic eruptions,earthquakes ect

40
Q

Volcano

Hazards

A

A coned shaped mountain or hill formed by the lava and ash from eruptions

41
Q

Population distribution

Population

A

The spread of people across the earths surface

42
Q

Population density

Population

A

The number of people living within a given Arab usually a square kilometer

43
Q

Rural

Population

A

Living in the countryside than living in the city

44
Q

Urban

Population

A

Living in a town or city

45
Q

Urbanisation

Population

A

Increasing number of people that move to rural to urban areas

46
Q

Counterurbanisation

Population

A

People move from urban to rural areas

47
Q

Economic migrant

Population

A

A person who moves from one country to another for better living

48
Q

Quality of life

Population

A

The well being of people

49
Q

Poverty

Population

A

Being poor

50
Q

Refugee

Population

A

Someone who’s been forced to leave their house due to war,natural disasters eg volcano eruptions

51
Q

Seasonal migration

Population

A

Example Moving cattle to higher ground during summer to escape heat

52
Q

Endemic diseases

Population

A

A disease in a region or people eg malaria is endemic to tropical regions

53
Q

Family planning

Population

A

Controlling the number of children to have and intervals between their births

54
Q

Primary health care

Population

A

Health care in the community for people making an initial approach to a medical practitioner or treatment

55
Q 
Population pyramid (age-sex pyramid)
Population
A

The deaths and births of males and females over the years

56
Q 
Aging population (greying)
Population
A

Showing the population of rising life expectancy and birth rate

57
Q

Birth rate

Population

A

Number of births per thousand people per year

58
Q

Death rates

Population

A

Number of deaths per thousand people per year

59
Q

Natural increase

Population

A

Refers to the difference between the number of birth rates and death rates occurring in a year multiples by 1000

60
Q

Population structure

Population

A

How the population is divided up between males and females do different age groups

61
Q

Fertility rate

Population

A

Represents the number of children that would be born to a women if she were to live to her child bearing years

62
Q

Population policy

Population

A

Spins seed by the government

63
Q

Globalisation

A

The way the world is getting smaller due to an increase in trade

64
Q

What does tnc stand for

Globalization

A

Trans national companies

65
Q

What is a Tnc

Globalization

A

Their head quarters are in developing countries. Factories are based in developing countries eg Apple on China

66
Q

Name bad stuff about Apple

Globalization

A

Cheap labour
Work at young age
Cheap raw materials

67
Q

Name 3 good things about Apple

Globalization

A

Get taught English
Money for younger workers
Offers classes

68
Q

When did rana plaza collapse

Globalization

A

24th April last year

69
Q

Where is the rana plaza

Globalization

A

Bangladesh

70
Q

Name a social impact for China in globalization

A

Chinese are experiencing more of western culture eg usa McDonalds

71
Q

Name a environmental impact for China in globalization

A

Cities such as Beijing have major pollution problems

72
Q

Name a economic impact in China of globalization

A

More tncs have set up in China

73
Q

Name two positive factors for the polish coming to the uk social

A

Over 500 polish doctors have migrated to the uk. Massive strain on GP better to get polish doctors
Polish shops come to uk to sell their sell

74
Q

Name a negative factor for the polish coming to the UK social

A

In 2007 there were 42 reports to police about Attacks by uk people do the polish and there’s a hate crime

75
Q

Two positives and two negatives for the polish coming to UK economic

A

Polishs employ uk workers
They pay tax which can be used for schools,hospitals ext
Negative
Schools getting overcrowded
Polish get benefits if been here for 12 months

76
Q

Social negatives and positives for the polish for the their people coming to uk

A

They learn English can get a better job.
British people don’t want to work so lots of jobs for polish
More jobs,schools,hospital can’t speak other lasso more jobs for polish

77
Q

Economic negatives and positives for the polish for their people coming to the uk

A

Negative
Young moving leaving old people there unable to do certain jobs
Positive
They send money to their family

78
Q

Tariff

Globalization

A

Adding tax

79
Q

Subsidy

Globalization

A

Grants of money made by the government to maintain the price of a specific industrial eg milk farmers receiver subsidy for milk

80
Q

Quota

Globalization

A

A Limit to how much a country can give goods to another country.

81
Q

Trading bloc

Globalization

A

A country in a group eg eu trading goods equally and no tax

82
Q

Free trade

Globalization

A

Trading without tariffs no barriers eg fair trade and cadburys

83
Q

Protectionism

Globalization

A

Protecting home industries by taxing goods from foreign countries

84
Q

Dumping

Globalization

A

Selling it for low prices cheaper than local farmers can sell them.

85
Q

Dumping

Globalization

A

Selling it for low prices cheaper than local farmers can sell them.

86
Q

Why is dumping good for us

Globalization

A

Our farmers make money and Ghana farmers don’t And when they don’t they can lose their land and loss of money they wouldn’t lower their prices. They can’t put tariffs on uk food there to poor

87
Q

Why is dumping good for us

Globalization

A

Our farmers make money and Ghana farmers don’t And when they don’t they can lose their land and loss of money they wouldn’t lower their prices. They can’t put tariffs on uk food there to poor

88
Q

Independence

Globalization

A

When countries relay on each other

89
Q

Independence

Globalization

A

When countries relay on each other

90
Q

Dumping milk in wets Africa

Globalization

A

We’re sending them powdered milk but they kill babies because they haven’t got clean water eg Mali we charge the powder cheaper than local farmers

91
Q

Dumping milk in wets Africa

Globalization

A

We’re sending them powdered milk but they kill babies because they haven’t got clean water eg Mali we charge the powder cheaper than local farmers

92
Q

Impacts for dumping chicken

Globalization

A

They say our food is awful and tasteless but our food is cheaper we give them leftover chicken they would have to get use to it, it would take time
We make money they don’t they lose livelihood and farm we don’t

93
Q

Impacts for dumping chicken

Globalization

A

They say our food is awful and tasteless but our food is cheaper we give them leftover chicken they would have to get use to it, it would take time
We make money they don’t they lose livelihood and farm we don’t

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