ICT

Question 1

Computational thinking

Answer 1

• Its a way of learning skills to help us solve problems without needing a computer
• With practice it allows us to understand and analyse a problem we can then breack it down into simple steps and develop a solution that computer and or human can understand
• There are main steps to computational thinking :
• decomposition *pattern recognition
• abstraction *algorithms

Question 2

Decomposition

Answer 2

• Breaking complez problems down into smaller, more mangeable parts or tasks
• Steps must be:
• simple *specific

Question 3

Pattern recognition

Answer 3

• We can look for anything that is similar or shares the same characteristics

Question 4

Abstraction

Answer 4

• With abstraction you look at all of the information and then decide what is important to help you solve your problem
• Anything that isnt necessary is removed

Question 5

Algorithms

Answer 5

• An algorithm is a set of instructions or rules that we create to carry out a task
• We can use algorithms to get computers to carry out tasks
• We can use the constructs of sequencing, selction and iteration to design algorithms

Question 6

Algorithms constructs

Answer 6

• Sequencing is the order of the instructions
• Selection happens when there is a step where there are 2 or more possibilities
• Iteration is when a step must happen more than once

Question 7

Introduction to programming

Answer 7

All : understand how we can solve problems usng computational thinking
Most : be also to represent problems using data flow diagram
Some : start to solve problems indepently

Question 8

Sorting algorithms

Answer 8

• Programmers use some algorithms to sort lists of data

- Example sorting a list of numbers into numerical order

Question 9

An insertion sort

Answer 9

• An algorithm that sorts out a list of items one by one

Question 10

Array

Answer 10

list of variables

Question 11

Bubble sort

Answer 11

1. Move from left to right
2. Compare each variable to the one next to it and if possible switch
3. Move on to next pair
4. When get to end, start from left
5. Repeat until all in order

Question 12

Quick sort

Answer 12

1. Choose a pivot
2. Swap numbers either side of pivot
3. Swap final number from right with pivot
4. Pivot ends up in right place
5. Repeat for numbers each side of pivot

Question 13

Symbols

Answer 13

• START/END : an oval represents a start or end
• ARROWS : a line is a connection
• INPUT/OUTPUT : a parallelogram represents a process
• DECISION : a diamond indicates a decision