ICT Flashcards
is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer and mobile device hardware
Operating System
is the part of a computer that houses the primary devices that perform operations and produce results for complex calculations
System Unit
a small component of the system unit. This is also known as the processor or the microprocessor.
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
indicates how many tasks a CPU can handle simultaneously.
Core Count
main circuit board of the computer
Motherboard
also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets, and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
Processor
Contain a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Processor
component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer
Control Unit
performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations
arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
a processor repeats a set of four basic operations, which comprise a machine cycle
Fetch, Decode, Execute, Store
controls the timing of all computer operations
system clock
The pace of the system clock
clock speed
measure of clock speed
Gigahertz (GHz)
consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data
Memory
Stores three basic categories of items:
● The operating system and other programs
● Applications
● Data being processed and the resulting information
Loses its contents when power is turned off
Volatile memory
Does not lose contents when power is removed
Nonvolatile memory
RAM chips usually reside on a ______ and are inserted into _______
memory module, memory slots
refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions
Read-only memory (ROM)
is software installed on a small memory chip on a hardware device.
Firmware
is software installed on a small memory chip on a hardware device.
Firmware
enhances functions of a component of a desktop or server system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals
adapter card
is a socket on a desktop or server motherboard that can hold an adapter card
expansion slot
the computer automatically can recognize peripheral devices as you install them
Plug and Play
serves as an interface between the computer and other computers or peripheral devices.
Port
converts the wall outlet AC power into DC power
power supply
saves any open documents running programs or apps to memory, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state.
sleep mode
saves any open documents and running programs or apps to an internal hard drive before removing power from the computer or device.
hibernate
controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen
user interface (UI)
you interact with menus and visual images
graphical user interface (GUI)
a user types commands represented by short keywords or abbreviations or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions
command-line interface
How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity
single tasking and multitasking; foreground and background; and single user and multiuser
optimizes the use of the computer or device’s internal memory
Memory management
is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM
Virtual Memory
is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.
Driver
automatically configures new devices as you install them.
Plug and Play
is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices
performance monitor
automatically provides new features or corrections to the program
Automatic update
A network administrator uses the server operating system to:
– Add and remove users, computers, and other devices
– Configure the network, install software and administer network security
enables a user to sign in to, or access resources on, a network or computer
user account
or user ID, identifies a specific user
user name
is a private combination of characters associated with the user name
password
Examples of Desktop
Windows, OS X, UNIX, Linux, Chrome OS
Examples of Server
Windows Server, Mac OS X Server, UNIX, Linux
Examples of Mobile
Google Android, Apple iOS, Windows Phone
is a complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets
desktop operating system
Windows 8 offers these features:
start screen interface with tiles; includes the desktop interface; support for input via touch, mouse, and keyboard; email app, calendar app, and browser included; photos, files, and settings you can sync with SkyDrive; enhanced security through an antivirus program, firewall, and automatic updates; windows store offers additional applications for purchase.
has earned a reputation for its ease of use - Latest version is OS X.
Macintosh operating system
is a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s.
UNIX
is a popular, multitasking UNIX-based operating system.
Linux
is a Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps.
Chrome OS
The operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics is called
mobile operating system
is an open source, Linux-based
mobile operating system designed by Google for smartphones and tablets
Android
developed by Apple, is a proprietary
mobile operating system specifically made for Apple’s mobile devices
iOS
developed by Microsoft, is a proprietary mobile operating system that runs on some smartphones
Windows Phone
is a global network of computing devices communicating with each other in some way. It connects millions of computers together globally, forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected
Internet
called the Web for short—is a collection of different websites you can access through the Internet.
World Wide Web
ARPANET
Advanced Research Project Agency Network
pioneered the mathematical theory of packet networks, the technology underpinning the Internet. He was honored with the Charles Stark Draper Award as one of the fathers of the Internet.
Leonard Kleinrock
born in London, England and graduated in Physics from Oxford University in 1976, currently the Director of the World Wide Web Consortium
Tim Berners-Lee
site considered the birthplace of the World Wide Web
CERN
the group that sets technical standards for the Web
World Wide Web Consortium
is a location that provides computers with Internet access, usually for a fee
cybercafé
is a wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and devices
hot spot
ISP
Internet Service Provider
is a software application used to locate, retrieve and display content on the World Wide Web
Web Browsers/browser
Developed the first graphical browser called MOSAIC
Marc Andreessen
Developed the first graphical browser called MOSAIC
Marc Andreessen
is a technology for bringing high- bandwidth information to homes and small businesses over ordinary copper telephone lines.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
is a technology for bringing high- bandwidth information to homes and small businesses over ordinary copper telephone lines.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)
is undoubtedly faster than DSL.
Fiber-optic Internet
is a sequence of numbers that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
IP address
is a text-based name that correspondsto the IP address
domain name
translates the domain name into its associated IP address
DNS server
consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents
World Wide Web (WWW)
is a collection of related webpages and associated items
website
is a computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer
web server
refers to websites that provide a means for users to share personal information, allow users to modify website content, and provide applications through a browser
Web 2.0
is the development and maintenance of websites
Web publishing
is software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic
search engine
classifies web pages in an organized set of categories
Subject directory
is the transmission of messages
and files via a computer network
is the transmission of messages
and files via a computer network
is a real-time
Internet communications service
Instant Messaging (IM)
is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer or mobile device
chat
is a website or application that permits users to chat with others who are online at the same time
chat room
is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject
discussion forum
enables users to speak to other users over the Internet
VoIP (Voice over IP)
is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the Internet
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
is the code of acceptable Internet behavior
Netiquette
He had an idea of breaking messages up into blocks and sending them as fast as possible in every possible direction through the mesh network that eventually became a nationwide experimental packet network
Paul Baran
He had an idea of breaking messages up into blocks and sending them as fast as possible in every possible direction through the mesh network that eventually became a nationwide experimental packet network
Paul Baran
a signal is sent to the satellite via an antenna then signal could be sent from your phone
Data Center
acts as the internal memory of a server
Solid State Device (SSD)
poweful computer whose job is to provide you the video or other stored content you request
Server
a network that connects between the data center and your device, backbone of the Internet
Optical fiber Network
is then used to transmit the electrical signals into your laptop
ethernet cable
Tim wrote a program after a victorian reference book he remembered from his childhood for giving easy access to a mass of useful information named _____
ENQUIRE
is a single chip with two or more separate processor cores
multi-core processor
a useful tool that allows you to produce multiple letters, labels, envelopes, name tags, and more using information stored in a list, database, or spreadsheet. Has the capability of merging a list of names and addresses with a standard document.
Mail Merge
In the mail merge process, you must have two documents:
● Main Document
● Data Source File
contains the names, addresses, and/or other information to be inserted into the main document.
Data Source File
The table is divided into sections called _______
records
Each record is divided into ________
fields
is one piece of data included in a record
fields
Each of the following could be considered a field:
● Title ● City
● First Name ● State
● Last Name ● Zip
● Address ● Phone number
