ICS_Vocab_ALL_A-Z Flashcards
1
Q
Abductor
A
That which draws something in the direction away from the midline. The opposite of adductor.
2
Q
Ablation
A
The removal of a part of the body; growth; or noxious substance.
3
Q
Abscess
A
A circumscribed collection of pus; Òa pus pocket.Ó
4
Q
Achalasia
A
Failure to relax; referring especially to visceral openings; i.e.; esophagus.
5
Q
Acromegaly
A
A disorder marked by a progressive enlargement of the head; face; hands; feet; and thorax due to the excessive secretion of growth hormone.
6
Q
Acute
A
Rapid onset; having a short course.
7
Q
Adductor
A
That which draws something toward the midline. Opposite of abductor.
8
Q
Adenoma
A
An ordinarily benign neoplasm or growth of epithelial tissue; usually well circumscribed. The tumor cells form at glands or gland-like structures.
9
Q
Adipose
A
Fatty; relating to fat.
10
Q
Afterload
A
The resistance to flow encountered in the systemic circulation.
11
Q
Agenesis
A
Absence; failure of formation of any part.
12
Q
Agranulocytosis
A
Condition characterized by pronounced reduction in the number of white blood cells specifically polymorphonuclear leukocytes; i.e.; segs and bands.
13
Q
Akinesia
A
Absence or loss of the power of voluntary motion; immobility.
14
Q
Akinesthesia
A
Absence of the sense of the perception of movement.
15
Q
Alexia
A
Loss of the power to grasp the meaning of written or printed words and sentences.
16
Q
Alkalosis
A
Abnormally high alkali (bicarbonate) in the blood or other body fluids causing an increased pH.
17
Q
Alopecia
A
Baldness or loss of hair.
18
Q
Amaurosis
A
Blindness; especially that occurring without apparent change in the eye itself.
19
Q
Amniocentesis
A
Transabdominal aspiration of fluid from the amniotic sack during pregnancy.
20
Q
Analgesia
A
Relief of pain.
21
Q
Anaphylaxis
A
A significant allergic reaction following exposure to antigen in a subject previously sensitized to that specific antigen. This generally occurs very rapidly after exposure and often is accompanied by swelling; breathing difficulties; hypotension.
22
Q
Anemia
A
A condition in which the number of red blood cells are less than normal. Often measured with a low hemoglobin or hematocrit (the low blood.)
23
Q
Anencephaly
A
Marked defective development of the brain and bony structure usually with only rudimentary brain stem present. Generally not compatible with life.
24
Q
Angina pectoris
A
Literally; strangulation of the chest; a paroxysmal; constricting substernal pain of brief duration; which frequently accompanies myocardial ischemia.
25
Angle closure
Narrowing of the angle formed inside the lateral aspects of the anterior chamber of the eye where the aqueous humor drains.
26
Anorexia
Loss of appetite.
27
Anoxia
Absence of oxygen in the blood or tissues.
28
Antenatal
Period in pregnancy from the time of conception until the onset of labor (prenatal).
29
Anticipatory guidance
Patient/family counseling which includes information; advice; and suggestions about expected health-related life occurrences; health maintenance; and preventive plans.
30
Antigen
A foreign protein that can cause an allergic reaction in a sensitized host.
31
Anuresis
Absence of the act of urination.
32
Aphasia
Impaired or absence of communication by speech; writing; or signs due to brain dysfunction in the dominate hemisphere.
33
Apnea
Absence of breathing.
34
Ascites
Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity.
35
Ataxia
A loss of the power of motor coordination.
36
Atelectasis
Compressed lung tissue with collapsed alveolar air spaces.
37
Benign
Mild or noncancerous.
38
Biparietal Diameter
Used in fetal ultrasounds. Refers to the greatest transverse diameter of the head which extends from one parietal boss to the other.
39
Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eyelids.
40
Body mass index (BMI)
Weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared. A measure of relative weight based on individuals mass and hight.
41
Bradycardia
A slow heartbeat general defined as a rate less than 60 beats/minute.
42
Breathlessness
Appropriate shortness of breath; e.g.; following heavy exercise.
43
Bronchiectasis
An abnormal dilation of the bronchus or the bronchial tubes.
44
Bruit
Sound produced by disturbance in laminar blood flow through an artery.
45
Bursa
A closed sack lined with a synovial type membrane containing fluid usually found in areas of friction; i.e.; where a tendon passes over a bone.
46
Cachexia
Generally lack of nutrition and wasting.
47
Calculus
a stone Ðlike concretion of material; usually mineral salts; that forms in an organ or duct in the body; the material such as cholesterol.
48
Carcinoma
Malignant neoplasm derived from epithelial tissue.
49
Caries
Destruction or necrosis of teeth.
50
Caseation
Necrosis in which the necrotic tissues resemble cheese. Contains a mixture of protein and fat. Occurs particularly in reference of tuberculosis.
51
Causalgia
Persistent severe burning sensation of the skin; usually involves injury to the sensory fibers of the peripheral nerve.
52
Chalazion
Chronic inflammatory granuloma in the tarsus of the eyelids due to the inflammation of the meibomian gland.
53
Chorea
A disorder characterized by irregular spasmodic involuntary movement of limbs and facial muscles.
54
Chronic
A condition that develops slowly and persists over time.
55
Cirrhosis
Progressive disease of the liver with fibrosis and damage to the prankmul cells.
56
Climacteric
Perimenopausal time of a womanÕs life; Òthe change.Ó
57
Clonus
A form of movement marked by contractions and relaxations of the muscle in rapid succession.
58
Coffee ground emesis
Vomitus of coffee ground appearing particles that represents a upper gastrointestinal bleed that has occurred slowly enough for the gastric acid to denature the blood.
59
Colic
Spasmodic pains in the abdomen. Generally described as spasms and is usually secondary to some degree of obstruction of a hollow organ.
60
Colitis
Inflammation of the large bowel.
61
Concussion
Any alteration in mental status induced by trauma.
62
Confabulation
The making-up of tales in a fluid fashion with no regard to facts or the question put forward. Generally seen in alcoholic CNS disease.
63
Contusion
Bleeding and damage in the soft tissues; resulting from a direct blow injury.
64
Crepitation
Crackling sound or sensation as would be produced by the rubbing together of irregular surfaces.
65
Cul-de-sac
A blind pouch or tubular cavity closed at one end.
66
Curettage
A scraping of the interior lining of a cavity; i.e.; ÒD&CÓ
67
Cyanosis
A dark blue or purple-ish discoloration of the skin or mucus membrane secondary to deficiency of oxygenation to the blood.
68
Cystitis
Inflammation of a bladder; i.e.; Òbladder infection.Ó
69
Degeneration
Gradual deterioration of normal cells and body functions.
70
Dehiscence
A bursting open; splitting; or gaping.
71
Delirium
Extreme promental excitement with confused and unconnected ideas often with illusions or hallucinations.
72
Delusion
A false belief or wrong judgment.
73
Dementia
A general mental deterioration due to organic or psychological factors; i.e.; AlzheimerÕs disease (old-timerÕs disease).
74
Depression
Mood disorder characterized by sadness and inability to experience pleasure.
75
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin.
76
Desensitization
Reduction of allergic sensitivity to a specific antigen; i.e.; allergy shots.
77
Diagnosis
Determination of the presence of a disease based on an evaluation of symptoms; signs; and test findings.
78
Diastolic dysfunction
Stiffening or poor relaxation of the left ventricle which causes inefficient fillings.
79
Dilation
(in obstetric terms) is the enlargement of the transverse diameter of the cervical opening. In the non-pregnancy patient; it is less than 5mm; at complete dilation in labor; it is 10cm.
80
Dissection
In reference to the aorta; dissection occurs when the intimal layer of the vessel splits apart from the deeper muscle layers and blood flows into the torn apart layers.
81
Distal
Situated away from the center of the body or from the point of origin; i.e.; the farthest away part (versus proximal).
82
Distention
Swelling or stretching.
83
Diverticula
Small pouches usually found extending from the wall of the colon.
84
Dorsum
The posterior or back part.
85
Dysdiadochokinesia
Alternately moving a limb in the opposite direction; i.e.; rapidly alternating movements.
86
Dysentery
A disease marked by frequent watery stools often with blood and mucus and characterized by pain; tenesmus; fever and dehydration.
87
Dyskinesia
Difficulty in performing voluntary movements.
88
Dysostosis
Defective bone formation.
89
Dyspareunia
Pain in the sexual act.
90
Dyspepsia
Indigestion or upset stomach.
91
Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing.
92
Dysphonia
Hoarseness or difficulty or pain in speaking.
93
Dysphoria
Feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort.
94
Dysplasia
Abnormal tissue development; i.e.; cervical dysplasia on pap test.
95
Dyspnea
Shortness of breath; Òshort-winded.Ó
96
Dystocia
Difficult childbirth.
97
Dysuria
Painful urination.
98
Eburneous
Who cares?
99
Ecchymosis
Purple-ish patch caused by extravasation of blood into the skin; i.e.; a bruise.
100
Echocardiogram
Use of ultrasound to view the heart and valvular structures.
101
Eclampsia
Is the occurrence of seizures superimposed upon the preeclampsia syndrome.
102
Ectasia
Dilation of a tubular structure.
103
Ectopic
Aberrant or out of place; i.e.; an organ which is not in its proper place. Eg Ectopic Pregnancy.
104
Edema
Accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in cells; tissues; or serous cavities; Òswelling.Ó
105
Effacement
Refers to the softening and thinning of the cervix in preparation for dilation.
106
Ejection Fraction
The amount of blood expelled from the ventricular cavity when the heart contracts in systole.
107
Embolism
Obstruction or occlusion of a vessel by a transported colt of vegetation or other foreign material; i.e.; pulmonary embolism.
108
Embryo
In man; the developing organism from conception until approximately the end of the second month. Generally referred to as fetal after this stage of development.
109
Emollient
Soothing to skin or mucus membrane. An agent that softens the skin.
110
Empiric
Founded on practical experience; but not proven scientifically.
111
Empyema
Pus in a body cavity; generally referring to pus in the pleural cavity.
112
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain.
113
Encephalopathy
Any disease of the brain.
114
End-Organ
also called Òtarget organÓ- The organ on which a substance or process exerts its influence or action.
115
Endarteritis
An inflammation of the inner coat of the artery.
116
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the endocardium of the lining membrane of the heart and heart valves.
117
Endocrine
Secreting internally; most common in systemic circulation.
118
Endometriosis
A condition involving ectopic location of endometrial or uterine lining tissue outside the uterine cavity.
119
Endometritis
Inflammation of the endometrium or uterine lining.
120
Endophtalmitis
Inflammation of the internal structures in the eyeball.
121
Engagement
Is the descent of the biparietal diameter of the feta head into the pelvic inlet.
122
Enteritis
Inflammation of the intestine.
123
Epidermis
The outer epithelial portion of the skin.
124
Epigastrium
Referring to the upper central abdominal region; i.e.; upper gastric pain.
125
Epistaxis
Nosebleed.
126
Erythema
Redness or inflammation of the skin.
127
Eschar
A thick; coagulated crust which develops after a burn to the skin.
128
Esotropia
ÒCross-eyed.Ó
129
Estimated Date of Confinement (EDC)
That point in time when labor might be reasonable expected.
130
Estradiol
The most potent naturally occurring estrogen in mammals.
131
Etiology
Cause of a disease.
132
Euphoria
A feeling of well-being commonly exaggerated and not necessarily well-founded.
133
Eventration
Protrusion of intestine through an opening in the abdominal wall.
134
Exanthem
A skin eruption occurring as a symptom of an acute viral or coccal disease.
135
Excitement
What Pontiac builds.
136
Exocrine
Glandular secretion that is delivered to the surface as opposed to endocrine.
137
Extrasystole
An ectopic or premature heartbeat.
138
Extravasate
To exude or pass out a vessel into the tissues such as blood; urine; or x-ray dye.
139
Exudate
A thick fluid with a high protein and leukocyte count.
140
Fascia
A sheet of fibrous tissue which envelops the body beneath the skin.
141
Fasciitis
Inflammation of the fascia; i.e.; plantar ysmenorr.
142
Fasting
No caloric intake for at least 8 hours.
143
Febrile
Related to a fever (elevated temperature)
144
Fenestration
Presence of openings; i.e.; fenestrated drape.
145
Fetal heart tones
The sound generated by the beating of the fetal heart which may be auscultated over the fundus.
146
Fetus
In a man generally represents products of conception form the end of the eighth week to the moment of birth.
147
Fibroma
A benign neoplasm derived from fibrous connective tissue.
148
Fibrosarcoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from fibrous connective tissue characterized by immature prolifium fibroblast.
149
Fibrosis
Scarring.
150
Fissure
A deep furrow; cleft; or slit.
151
Fistula
A pathological sinus or abnormal passage leading from an abscess cavity or hollow organ to the surface or from one abscess cavity or organ to another; i.e.; rectal/vaginal fistula-and opening from the rectum to the vagina.
152
Flatulence
A presence of an excessive amount of gas in the intestines of stomach.
153
Folliculitis
Inflammation reaction in the hair follicles; generally with small pustules associated with each individual hair shaft.
154
Friable
Tissue that is not strong and bleeds easily upon manual irritation.
155
Fundus
The portion of the uterus above the cervix which expands during pregnancy and contains the growing fetus.
156
Galactorrhea
Continued discharge of milk from the breast in intervals of nursing or after the child has been weaned; not involving stimulation of the nipples.
157
Gastroenteritis
Inflammation of the mucus membrane of both stomach and intestine; generally caused by a viral illness.
158
Genome
Complete set of chromosomes derived from one parent.
159
Geriatrics
Science of old age.
160
Gestation
Related to pregnancy i.e.; 24 weeks gestational age.
161
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums of the mouth.
162
Glaucoma
A disease of the eye characterized by increased pressure within the eyeball.
163
Glomerulonephritis
Renal disease characterized by bilateral inflammatory changes of the glomeruli or filtering apparatus of the kidneys. Not the result of infection of the kidneys.
164
Glossitis
Inflammation of the tongue.
165
Gravida
The number of times a woman has been pregnant.
166
Habitus
The physical characteristics of a person.
167
Hallux
The great toe (the big one).
168
Hemangioma
A proliferation of vascular endothelium that leads to a mass that resembles neoplastic tissue. A benign collection of vascular tissue.
169
Hematemesis
Might expect to see bright red blood when a nasogastric tube is inserted and suction is applied.
170
Hematochezia
Maroon or bright red stool related to a lower gastrointestinal bleed blow the splenic flexure of the colon.
171
Hematoma
A localized mass of extravasated blood.
172
Hematuria
Any condition in which urine contains blood or red blood cells.
173
Hemianopsia
Loss of vision for one-half of the visual field in one or both eyes.
174
Hemolysis
Destruction of red blood cells in such a manner that hemoglobin is liberated.
175
Hemoptysis
The splitting of blood derived from lungs or bronchial tubes.
176
Hemostasis
the arrest of bleeding.
177
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver.
178
Hepatojuglar reflux
Sustained distention of jugular veins see when; on physical examination; you press just under the liver for 20-30 seconds.
179
Hernia
The protrusion of an organ or other structure through the wall of a cavity that normally contains it.
180
Hirsutism
Presence of excessive body or facial hair; especially in women.
181
Hydrocephalus
Condition marked by excessive accumulation of fluid dilating the vertebral ventricles.
182
Hyperemesis
Excessive vomiting.
183
Hyperemia
Presence of an increased amount of blood in a part; similar to erythema.
184
Hypertrophy
Overgrowth; general increase in bulk.
185
Hysterectomy
Removal of the uterus.
186
Ibuprofen
The chemical name of an anti-inflammatory which is sold by several companies and goes under the brand names of Motrin; Advil; Nuprin; etc.
187
Ictal
As in a post-ictal state. Refers to the condition of a patient after a seizure.
188
Icterus
Jaundice.
189
Ileus
An obstruction of the intestines can be due to lack of bowel motility or obstruction mechanically by a tumor or other hard substance.
190
Immune
Resistant to an infectious disease.
191
Impetigo
Streptococcal infection of the skin characterized by fragile vesicles or pustules that become confluent and rupture forming erosions with bright yellow crusts; a common condition in children.
192
Incontinence
The ability to control bodily functions including defecation; urination; also used to refer to emotional incontinence such as uncontrollable persistent crying.
193
Induration
Process of becoming extremely firm or hard.
194
Infarct
An area of necrosis resulting from arrest or insufficiency of blood supply.
195
Inflammation
Reaction of body tissues to injury as manifested by swelling; warmth and/or pain.
196
Influenza
Acute viral infection of the respiratory tract sometimes occurring in epidemics. In severe cases there may be secondary bacterial infection causing bronchitis or pneumonia. Note that hemophilus influenza is a bacterium. The flu shot is developed to combat whatever strains the influenza virus seem to present in the community at a given time.
197
Intoxication
Conditions caused by intake of an excess of a drug or a poisonous substance.
198
Intrapartum
That period of time from the onset of labor until delivery.
199
Intussusception
The infolding of one segment of intestine within another. Like a telescope.
200
Ischemia
Local anemia due to mechanical obstruction to the blood supply.
201
Jaundice
Yellow skin caused by deposition of bile pigment in the skin and mucus membranes; associated hyperbilirubinemia. Occurs most commonly in newborns or adults whit liver disease.
202
Jugular venous distention
Engorged appearance of jugular veins seen when pressure on the right side of the heart is elevated.
203
Karyotype
The chromosome characteristics of an individual or of a cell line.
204
Keloid
Hyperplastic scar tissue.
205
Keratin
The protein which is the principal component of epidermis; hair; nails; horny tissues; and the enamel of the teeth.
206
Keratitis
Inflammation of the cornea
207
Ketonemia and ketonuria
The presence of ketone bodies in the blood and urine; respectively; as in diabetes mellitus or starvation
208
Kwashiorkor
Severe malnutrition due to dietary deficiency of protein not necessarily associated with calorie deficiency (e.g.; in the tropics sugar cane may provide adequate calories but not protein).
209
Kyphosis
Means hump-backed in Greek and regers to the abnormally increased of the thoracic spine which can occur with aging and with several types of disease; as in kyphotic spine.
210
Labia
Pertaining to a lip; used for the mouth or the labia majora/minora in the female external genitalia.
211
Labile
Unpredictably changeable.
212
Labyrinthitis
Inflammation of the labyrinth; otitis interna; a condition which often results in problems with balance and vertigo.
213
Lacrimal
Pertaining to tears.
214
Lanugo
Very fine; soft embryonic hair.
215
Laparoscopy
Examination of the interior of the abdomen using a laparoscope which is an endoscope which can be inserted through a small incision in the skin and interior abdominal wall.
216
Last menstrual period (LMP)
Date of onset of the last menses.
217
Lethargy
Decreased alertness and excessive drowsiness.
218
Leukocyte
Any one of the white blood cells.
219
Leukopenia
A decrease in the normal number of circulating white blood cells.
220
Leukoplakia
White thickened patches of mucous of the cheeks; gums; or tongue which cannot be rubbed off and sometimes show a tendency to fissure. This is common in smokers and can become malignant.
221
Ligament
A band or sheet of fibrous tissue generally connecting two or more bones.
222
Lochia
Discharge from the vagina of mucous; blood; and tissue debris following childbirth.
223
Maceration
Softening of tissue of soaking; used to refer to breakdown of skin due to excessive moisture; for example with diaper rash on a baby or fungal infection of the skin between folds of the stomach or under the breasts in adults.
224
Mastitis
Inflammation of the breast usually occurs during breast feeding and is detected by redness; heat; and tenderness or pain; this is a type of cellulitis or localizes soft tissue infection which required antibiotics for recovery.
225
Meatus
The external opening of a canal.
226
Meconium
The dark-green stool of the newborn which usually clears within the first few days of life to be replaced by a yellow or pale green seedy type of stool. The release of meconium in utero is a sign of stress in the fetus and depending on the time of the release either the amniotic fluid will be green or have chunks of meconium in it and the skin of the newborn may be stained somewhat green.
227
Megacolon
An abnormally large or dilated colon which can be congenital; acquired; acute; or chronic. The most common cause is due to chronic constipation but a congenital absence of ganglion cells in the distal bowel which causes loss of motor function needs to be ruled-out. This condition is also referred to as ÒHirschsprungÕs Disease.Ó
228
Medial
Relating to the middle or center.
229
Melena
Dark tarry stool related to a lower gastrointestional bleed above the splenic flexure of the colon.
230
Meningitis
Infection or inflammation of the meninges.
231
Menorrhagia
Excessively profuse or prolonged menstruation.
232
Myositis
inflammation of a muscle.
233
Myringotomy
Surgical incision in the tympanic membrane of the ear. This is done to insert an ear tube or to culture the ear for pus.
234
Myxoma
A tumor composed of primitive connective tissue cells and stroma resembling mesenchyme. It is most commonly found in the atrium and the region of the fossa ovalis at the interatrial septum and can be a cause of obstruction.
235
Nasogastric tube
A tube inserted through the nose; down the throat and esophagus; and into the stomach. It can be put on low intermittent suction or continuous suction. It is used to check the contents of the stomach for blood or coffee grounds and to decompress the stomach of the gastric fluids that are secreted in the event of an ileus or other intestinal obstruction. An ileus is paralysis of the intestine.
236
Nausea
An unpleasant sensation of impending; vomiting; frequently localizes to the epigastrium.
237
Necrosis
Referring to the newborn.
238
Neoplasm
A word for tumor.
239
Nephrolithiasis
Kidney stones.
240
Neuralgia
Pain coming from the nerves. For example; postherpetic neuralgia. This is a pain syndrome that occurs after herpes virus infections such as shingles.
241
Nystagmus
Irregular jerking movement of the eyes.
242
O.D.
Abbreviation for the right eye (oculus dexter).
243
O.S.
Abbreviation for the left eye (oculus sinister).
244
Obesity
A condition in which the weight is greater than 20% above ideal body weight; alternatively identified as a BMI > 27 kg/m2.
245
Obstipation
Persistent failure to pass any stool.
246
Odynophagia
Painful swallowing.
247
Oliguria
Urinary output less than 400 ml per 24 hours.
248
Orchitis
Inflammation or infection of the testes.
249
Organic brain syndrome
Disturbance of attention; memory; intellect; and orientation; may have delusions or hallucinations.
250
Orthopnea
Inability to breathe comfortably when supine.
251
Orthostatic hypotension
A drop in blood pressure when changing position; for example; from lying down to sitting-up or from sitting-up to standing-up. This may be caused by loss of blood volume or by pooling of the blood in the lower extremities.
252
Osteoarthritis
The arthritis due to wear and tear of aging; also known as degenerative joint disease.
253
Osteomyelitis
Infection in the bone.
254
Osteoporosis
Porous or thin bones.
255
Otalgia
Pain in the ear.
256
Otitis
Infection in the ear.
257
Otolaryngology
The study of the ear; nose; and throat.
258
Otorrhea
Discharge from the ear.
259
Oxytocin
The natural hormone made by women which causes contractions of the uterus. Release of this hormone can be caused by nipple stimulation late in pregnancy.
260
Palpitation
Awareness of the heartbeat.
261
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas.
262
Papilledema
Swelling of the optic nerve head.
263
Paresis (hemi-; para-; quadri-)
Weakness or partial paralysis.
264
Paresthesia
Sensation of burning; crawling; or tingling.
265
Parity
Completion of pregnancy beyond what would be considered an abortion (usually 20 weeks). Refers to number pregnancies not the number of fetuses. Often listed as a sequence of four numbers; i.e.; 2012. These numbers refer to (left to right) the number of term pregnancies; the number of premature pregnancies delivered; the number of spontaneous and induced abortions; and finally the number of living children.
266
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Waking up from sleep with sudden shortness of breath.
267
Pedal Edema
Swelling of feet.
268
Peritoneum
Space between the bowels and the abdominal wall.
269
Petechiae
Pinpoint-size hemorrhages.
270
Photophobia
Sensitivity to light that is usually associated with corneal disease.
271
Plegia
Complete paralysis. Hemiplegia; paralysis of one side of the body and the limbs on that side; paraplegia; paralysis of the legs and lower part of the body; usually caused by disease or injury of the spinal cord; quadriplegia; paralysis of the body and joints.
272
Pleurisy
Any pleural inflammation; loosely; the pain associated with disease of the pleura.
273
Pneumonia
Clinical term that most commonly refers to pulmonary inflammation due to infection.
274
Pneumonitis
Any pulmonary inflammation.
275
Polymenorrhea (metrorrhagia)
Abnormally increased frequently of menstrual flow.
276
Postpartum
A syndrome peculiar to pregnancy which is defined by elevated blood pressure; excessive fluid retention; and proteinuria.
277
Preload
Filling pressure of the heart.
278
Preprandial and postprandial
Before and after a meal.
279
Presbyopia
Diminution of the power of accommodation of the eye due to the aging process.
280
Presystolic
Immediately preceding the first sound; occurring in the latter one-third of diastole.
281
Primigravida
Woman pregnant for the first time.
282
Primipara
Woman who has borne on viable infant.
283
Proprioception
Perception of movements and positions of the body and joints.
284
Proptosis
Forward displacement of the eyeball.
285
Pruritus
Itching.
286
Pseudodementia
A condition with clinical symptoms of dementia but not due to organic disease and without the permanent cognitive sequelae.
287
Ptosis
Drooping of the upper eyelid (blepharoptosis).
288
Pulse pressure
The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
289
Purpura
Purple-ish discolorations caused by bleeding into the skin and visible mucous membranes; that is; Òblack and blue spots.Ó
290
Pyuria
Presence of leukocytes in the urine.
291
Quickening
The initial perception of fetal movement by the mother usually occurring at 16 to 18 weeks of pregnancy.
292
Rales
Abnormal sounds that originates form the trachea; bronchi; or lungs; crepitation; crepitant rale; a rale of crackling quality; usually applied to moist rales; consonating rale; a loud; clear; ringing rale that sounds close to the ear; often associated with pulmonary consolidation.
293
RaynaudÕs Phenomenon
Paroxysmal pallor or cyanosis of a distal extremity; induced by chilling or emotion.
294
Rebound
Abbreviated term for rebound tenderness; abdominal discomfort on sudden withdrawal of the palpating hand.
295
Rectocele
Hernial protrusion of part of the rectum into the vagina.
296
Renal
Pertaining to the kidneys.
297
Rhinorrhea
Nasal discharge.
298
Scaphoid
A thin; concave-shaped abdomen. Literally Òship-like;Ó derived from the Greek.
299
Schizophrenia
A psychiatric disease characterized by disordered thinking; hallucinations and delusions..
300
Sciatica
Pain in the lower back and along the sciatic nerve distribution.
301
Scoliosis
A side-to-side curvature in the spine.
302
Scotoma
Blind or partially blind area in visual field.
303
Sepsis
A syndrome associated with bloodstream infection.
304
Shock
Acute circulatory collapse; with pallor; hypotension; and coldness of the skin (also; a palpable heart sound).
305
Sign
Objective evidence of disease as found on physical exam.
306
Space-Occupying lesion
Abnormal structure which causes symptoms and signs because they impinge upon normal brain tissues.
307
Splenomegaly
Enlargement of the spleen.
308
Sputum
Expectorated or mucopurulent secretion from the air passages.
309
Steatorrhea
Excessive fat in the stool.
310
Stomatitis
Inflammation of the mouth.
311
Stress incontinence
Involuntary loss of urine during period of intravesical pressure; such as can be produced by coughing; straining; or lifting.
312
Stridor
Noisy respiration.
313
Symptom
An alteration in health status which the patient perceives and expresses; elicited during the history.
314
Syncope
Temporary unconsciousness due to cerebral ischemia.
315
Systole
Contraction; period of contraction during which the atria or ventricles eject blood; ventricular systole includes the first and second sounds and the period between them; when the term systole or diastole is used alone; it is assumed to refer to the ventricles.
316
Tendinitis
Inflammation of a tendon.
317
Tenesmus
The sensation of the need to evacuate the bowels; but without result.
318
Thrill
Palpable vibrations (palpable murmur).
319
Thrombocytopenia
Reduction below normal in the number of circulating platelets.
320
Thrombocytosis
Increase above normal in the number or circulating platelets.
321
Thrush
Candida (yeast) infection in the oral cavity; characterized by white plaques or patches on the tongue or mucosa
322
Tympanitic
Distention of the abdomen due to the presence of gas or air in the intestine or peritoneal cavity.
323
Urethritis
Inflammatory process involving the urethra.
324
Uveitis
Inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye.
325
Vascular
Involving blood vessels.
326
Vasculitis
Inflammation of the arteries.
327
Virilism
A state of masculinization in the female.
328
Xerosis
Dryness of the skin.
329
Xerostomia
Dryness of the mouth.
