ICPP Review

Question 1

On a protein destined for the mitochondria, where will the signal sequence be found

Answer 1

N-terminus of protein

Question 2

Why is the phosphate group removed when the protein reaches the lysosome

Answer 2

To prevent the protein from returning to the Golgi apparatus and allow the protein to Carry out its function in the lysosome

If it were left it would get transported again

Question 3

When a protein is destined for the peroxisome, where on the protein is the address label found

Answer 3

C-terminus

Question 4

What sequence allows the protein to be retained in the RER

Answer 4

KDEL

Question 5

Proteins destined for the cell membrane or exterior secretion are produced in

Answer 5

Ribosomes attached to the ER

Question 6

If a protein is destined for the ER, the signal sequence will be found

Answer 6

In a run of hydrophobic amino acids in N terminus

Question 7

What signal sequence sends protein to nucleus

Answer 7

Nuclear localisation signal

Question 8

Site of production for proteins destined for cytoplasm mitochondria or nucleus

Answer 8

free ribosomes

Question 9

Band 3 2 main functions

Answer 9

Anion exchanger

Vertical attachment to link 4.2 and ankyrin

Question 10

What will decrease membrane fluidity

Answer 10

Hydrogenation of fatty acid tails

Question 11

What transporter is activated in response to a high intracellular pH

Answer 11

Anion exchanger 
(Band 3)

Question 12

Rate of glucose transport depends on the

Answer 12

Relative concentrations of glucose inside and outside the cell

Question 13

What has the highest membrane permeability

Answer 13

Carbon dioxide

Question 14

Which is responsible for extruding the majority of the Ca2+ after a rise in intracellular calcium

Answer 14

Na+/Ca2+ becuase it has high capacity

Question 15

Primary treatment for myasthenia gravis

Answer 15

ACh esterase inhibitor to slow breakdown of ACh

Effects of having less receptors is reduced as more ACh available to bind

Question 16

Repolarisation occurs due to

Answer 16

Efflux of K+

Question 17

What causes upstroke of neuronal action potentials

Answer 17

Na+ influx

Question 18

How does succinylcholine work

Answer 18

Activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, Na+ channels inactivated. No APs generated

Question 19

How many transmembrane domains does a GCPR have

Answer 19

7

Question 20

What cellular change accompanies stimulation of alpha 2 adrenoreceptors

Answer 20

Decreased concentration of cAMP

Adenylyl cyclase inhibited

Question 21

Cyclic AMP is generated from

Answer 21

ATP via adenylyl cyclase

Question 22

Correct sequence of events in cell signalling pathway

Answer 22

Ligand receptor binding, signal transduction, effector protein, cellular response

Question 23

What will happen if intrinsic GTPase domain in G alpha s is inhibited

Answer 23

signalling pathway will remain active in the absence of a ligand. Without being able to cleave GTP to GDP

Question 24

Characteristics of post-ganglionic sympathetic neurones

Answer 24

Unmyelinated
Originate from neural crest cells 
(Not neural tube like pre-ganglionic) 
Long 
Release noradrenaline

Question 25

What is a common side effect of anti muscarinic drugs

Answer 25

Dry mouth as salivation is controlled by a muscarinic receptor

Question 26

What can pyridostigmine lead to

Answer 26

SLUDGE