ICPP

Question 1

What is is succinylcholine?

Answer 1

A depolarising blocker.
Maintains depolarisation which means that the sodium channels remain inactivated. This means that acetylcholine will not cause an effect

Question 2

What is tubocurarine?

Answer 2

A competitive blocker

Blocks the receptor sight so that acetyl choline cannot bind. Increasing acetylcholine concentration can overcome this

Question 3

What is myasthenia graves?

Answer 3

An autoimmune disease targeting nACh receptors.

• Patients suffer profound weakness. This increases with exercise. Caused by antibodies directed against nAChR on postsynaptic membrane on skeletal muscle. Antibodies lead to loss of functional nAChR by complement mediated lysis and receptor degradation.
• Endplate potentials are reduced in amplitude leading to muscle weakness

Question 4

What happens to the cell in ischaemia in relation to NCX?

Answer 4

• Lack of blood supply
• Lack of oxygen and nutrients
• Na+/K+ ATPase ceases to work
• NCX reverses leading to calcium being transported into the cell and Na+ being transported out of the cell
• Calcium is toxic as it activates many enzymes in the cell

Question 5

Which is long acting, salbutamol or salmeterol?

Answer 5

Salmeterol

Question 6

What does buorenorphine do to heroin?

Answer 6

It acts as antagonist against the heroin so inhibits its effect. It has a higher affinity so occupies the receptor and doesn’t cause the full effect.

Question 7

Why does a hero addict experience withdrawal symptoms when they inject buprenorphine?

Answer 7

It is a partial agonist. It has higher affinity but lower efficacy so the patient doesn’t get the full effect.

Question 8

What is the use of buprenorphine?

Answer 8

It I used to enable gradually withdrawal and prevent use of other illicit options