Icing Flashcards
Super cooled water droplets (SCWD)
Temperatures
Why we have them
X/80
0 to -40C
Big ones 0 to -10
Not enough nuclei to form ice crystals
1/80 for every degree degree below 0
Hoar frost
Weather conditions
Process
Impact on lift
Clear condition
Water vapor sublimates, car acts as nuclei
Reduces lift by 10-20%
Rime ice
What is it What type of clouds Freezing process on airframe Color Removal How long do you have
Small SCWD -20 to -40 Stratus clouds Freeze instantly, builds up on leading edge Opaque, whiteish ( O2 trapped) Easy to remove
20mins plus before having problems
Clear ice Nickname What is it What type of clouds Freezing process Removal Time to react
Or glaze ice.... Large SCWD 0 to -20C Cumulus, cumulonimbus Freeze slowly and spread on airframe Difficult to see and to remove
Less than 20 mins to react
FZRA
What is it
Where
What I do
Type of clouds
Freezing rain, supercooled water droplet
Warm front, clear ice
What to do: climb above freezing level
Stay above MSA, dscd and inform ATC
180 turn ( most favorable)
Nimbostratus
Cloudy Ice or Pached Snow
Aircraft already wet, acts as glue
Kinetic heating
Impact on icing
Impact on airframe
Makes severity of icing worse.
Slows down process of freezing, droplets spray on airframe.
Orographic Uplift
What is it
What type of particles
Process
Watvapor, lifts, cools, condensates-> SCWD
Windward side
Precipitation falls into dry air, evaporates, cools down surrounding air and brings down the freezing level.
Carburetor icing
Temperature expected
When to expect it and dangers
20 to -30 Celsius
Clean summer days!!! Don't expect it #Surprise
Jet engine icing
Where and when
Convergence in the compressor, Venturi
Ice crystal icing
Type of clouds
Show on radar
Where and when (location and altitude and temperature)
Do not show up on radar, particles are too thin.
Stratus clouds
Tropical and subtropical 0-30N and S especially in summer
20000-35000 -10C to -40C
