Ice And Rain Protection Flashcards
Overview 1
The Citation Soverign incorporates an ice detection system and an anti ice system.
The primary purpose of anti-icing systems is to prevent the formation of ice on airfoils and engines.
The aircraft surfaces are protected electrically and by engine bleed air.
What is protected by the engine bleed air?
Engine bleed air protects the engine inlet ducts, first stage stator vanes, nose cones, wing leading edges, and horizontal stabilizer leading edges.
Which systems are electrically heated?
The windshields, primary pitot-static System, standby pitot-static System, AoA System, and RAT probes are electrically heated.
Overview 4
The equipment is not designed to provide protection against freezing rain or severe conditions of mixed or clear ice.
During all operations, the pilot is expected to exercise good judgement and to be prepared to alter the flight plan if conditions exceed the capability of the aircraft and equipment.
ENGINE ANTI-ICING
The engine anti-ice system uses direct engine bleed air routed through supply lines and valves to the respective engine inlets, stator vanes, and nose cones.
Each engine inlet has temperature sensors that are monitored by the system.
Horizontal Stabilizer Anti-Icing
The horizontal stabilizer anti-ice system consists of heated left and right horizontal stabilizer leading edges.
The left and right systems operate independently, but can be connected by the cross flow system,
Wing Anti-Icing
The wing anti-ice system consists of heated left and right inboard and outboard wing leading edges.
The left and right wing systems operate independently, but can be connected by the cross flow system.
The wing crossflow system supplies engine bleed air to both left and right wing leading edges, by activating the WING/STAB XFLOW button.
ICE DETECTION SYSTEM
The Citation Soverign relies primarily on visual cues for ice detection. Ice formation is first noticed o. The windshield near the center post or on the leading edges of the wings.
For night operations, ice detection and wing inspection lights help the crew detect ice formation on the windshield and wing leading edges, respectively.
Windshield Ice Detection Lights
Two red LED ice detection lights are on the instrument panel glare shield. The lights are aimed at an unprotected area near the inboard edge of each windshield. When ice begins to form on this area, a red glow is reflected on the glass, indicating that ice may b accumulating on the aircraft.
Wing inspection lights
Two wing inspection lights are in each side of the fuselage, just forward of each wing root. The lights illuminate the outboard portion of the leading edges of the wings during night or low visibility operations.
When are the windshields heated?
They are electrically heated anytime the engines are running.
Current for heating the windshield is provided by?
Current for heating is provided by AC alternator,but controlled by main DC controllers.
Are the systems operative when the engine is shutdown?
No.
Describe the windshield anti-ice system.
The windshield anti-ice system consists of electrically heated left and right main glass windshield panels and left and right forward side windows.
Describe the windshield assembly.
The windshield assembly is a laminated all glass construction with bonded fiberglass edge attachment.
Are all the areas of the windshield heated by the same alternator?
No, some areas are heated from a left alternator while other areas are heated from a right alternator.
If an alternator is lost, does it result in a total loss of heat to a windshield?
No, loss of either alternator does not result in total loss of heat to a windshield since each alternator supplies heat to specific panels in each area.
Describe the divisions of the windshield.
The left and right heated main windshields are divided into three heated zones, each utilizing one phase of AC power.
The left and right forward cockpit side windows are heated as one section and connected to the main windshields in parallel.
How many independent systems is the pitot-static anti-ice System divided into?
Three
What is the pitot-static anti-ice System comprised of?
Electrically heated pitot tubes and static ports.
What happens when one or more heating elements fail in the pitot-static anti-ice system?
An amber CAS message illuminates.
How is the AOA anti ice system monitored and controlled?
By buttons in the cockpit.
What does the AOA transducer include?
- The AOA vanes.
- The AOA case.
- A stall warning computer.
How are the two AOA cases heated?
Electrically heated by the main DC power.
When is heat applied to the AOA cases?
Anytime the avionics buttons are on.
Describe the engine anti-ice system.
The anti-ice system uses direct engine bleed air routed through supply lines and various valves to the respective engine inlets, stator vanes, and nose cones.
How are the engine inlet temperatures monitored?
By temperature sensors that are monitored by the anti-ice system.
How are the RAT probes heated?
They are electrically heated.
How many RAT probes are found in each engine inlet?
Two
When are the RAT probes heated?
When the engine STAB L-R buttons are on, both probes are electrically heated.
How is it indicated that a RAT probe is not working?
An amber RAT HEAT FAIL L-R CAS message is displayed.
Describe the wing anti-ice system.
The wing anti-ice system consists of heated left and right inboard and outboard wing leading edges.
Are the left and right wing systems connected?
No they operate independently but can be connected by the cross flow system following a system malfunction or a single-engine failure.
How are the inboard and outboard wing leading edges and forward wing spars are monitored for over temperatures and under temperatures?
By temperature sensors.
How are the fuel tanks and wing spars protected from the hot bleed air?
Since hot bleed air is routed through the wing on the back side of the leading edge, the fuel tank and wing spars are protected by a heat shield and cool ram air taken from the ram air inlet on the bottom of the fuselage.
How is the bleed air and cool ram air exhausted overboard?
Through lovers under each wing tip.
Describe the horizontal stabilizer anti-ice System.
The horizontal stabilizer anti-ice system consists of heated left and right horizontal stabilizer leading edges.
Do the left and right system operate independently of each other?
Yes they do but they can be connected by the crossflow system following a system malfunction or an engine failure.
When is bleed air provided to the horizontal stabilizer?
When the ENGINE/STAB L-R buttons are ON.
Where does the bleed air exit the stabilizer?
The hot bleed air passes through the leading edges and exits through a vent in the lower tip of the stabilizer.
Does the horizontal stabilizer leading edges have temperature sensors?
Yes.
