ICD Flashcards
explanations of ICD
biochemical (dopamine)
- dopmaine is released from the engagement of enjoyable behaviours
- for example a person with kleptomania steals, dopamine is released from the stimulation of reward centre.
- but when dopamine levels are reduced, this makes the behaviours more compulsive
- deficiency of dopamine leads to the continuation of addiction and compulsion
- hence, the person will increasingly engage in stealing behaviour due to reward defienct syndrome
psychological (behavioural, positive reinforcement)
- positive reinforcement is a behaviour that is more likely to be repeated due to the previous trials of that behaviour.
- for example when a person was given scratch cards for their birthday and wins, then the person is more likely to buy more scratch cards.
- gambling involves partial positive reinforcement. a reward is not gained every time the person gambles, this reduces the likelihood of the person being satistfied with the reward. a mistaken belief is then created, believing that they will make up the money that they have lost
cognitive (miller’s feeling state theory)
- miller explains ICD due to the link between positive emotions and specific behaviours
- positive emotions + intense desire = feeling state
- feeling state is the emotions, thoughts, feeling a person experiences in relation to a particular event.
- feeling state composed of positive emotions and memory of that behaviour leads to impulse control disorder. for example a people with pyromania may have the feeling of i am strong, i am powerful. with the memory of the fire setting behaviour, this leads to the fire setting behaviour.
- miller also states that underlying thoughts of a particular behaviour creates the feeling state that leads to ICD. for example a person with pyromania may have the feeling state of i am strong, i am powerful, but may in fact contain underlying negative thoughts such as i am weak, i am unimportant. This leads to the feeling state acheived during the act highly intense and desirable.
