IC18b PR3151 STI Flashcards
what are the bacteira STIs?
syphilis
gonorrhea
nongonococcal urethritis
chancroid
LGV (lyphogranuloma venereum)
Granuloma inguinale
what is the bacteria causing syphilis?
treponema pallidum
what is the bacteria causing gonorrhoea?
Neisseria gonorrheae (gram negative intracellular diplococci)
what is the bacteria causing nongonococcal urethritis?
CUM:
- chlamydia trachomatis
- ureaplasma
- mycoplasma genitalium
what is the bacteria causing chancroid
haemophilus ducreyi
what is the bacteria causing LGV
chlamydia trachomatis
what is the bacteria causing granuloma inguinale
calymmatobacteria granulomatis
what are the viral STIs?
anogenital herpes
anogenital warts
viral hepatitis
HIV/AIDS
molluscum contagiosum
what is the virus causing anogenital herpes
HSV type 1 -2 (herpes simplex)
what is the virus causing ano genital warts
HPV
what is the virus casuing hepatitis
hep A B C
what is the virus causing molluscum contagiosum
molluscum contagiosum virus
what are fungal STIs?
vaginal candidiasis
what is the fungi causing vaginal candidiasis
candida albicans
what are the parasite STIs?
scabies
pediculosis pubis
what is the parasite causing scabies
Sarcoptes scabiei
what is the parasite causing pediculosis pubis
Phthirus pubis
what are the two STIs that can also be transmitted via non-sexual contact?
vaginal candidiasis and
scabies
what STis need to be reported for MD131 under the infectious diseases act?
syphilis
gonorrhea
nongonococcal urethritis
chlamydia
genital herpes
viral hepatitis
HIV/AIDS
when should MD131 be reported?
within 72 hours
what is the purpose of MD131?
for monitoring and evaluation of national control programmes
what is collected in MD131?
demographic data (age, gender, ethnicity, nationality)
not for contact tracing or case detection
what special actions must be taken for HIV/AIDS?
partner notification is mandatory
what are the modes of transmission of STIs?
1) contaminated blood
2) sexual intercourse with a contaminated individual
3) contact of broken skin with eg open sores, genital discharge
4) mother to child
relate pathogen to transmissio
1) pregnancy
2) child birth
3) breast feeding
1) pregnancy: HIV, syphilis
2) child birth: chlamydia, HSV, gonorrhea
3) breast feeding; HIV
what are the risk factors for STIs
unprotected sex
multiple sex partners
illicit drug users
commercial sex workers
male-male sex
what are the individual prevention methods for STIs?
abstinence and reduction in number of sex partners
barrier contraceptives
avoid drug abuse and sharing needles
pre exposure vaccination: HPV, hepB
pre and post exposure prophylaxis:
gonorrhea transmission method
mother to child during childbirth
sexual intercourse
diagnostic test for gonorrhea
culture
gram stain
NAAT nucleic acid amplification test
infection sites for gonorrhea
Urethritis
Cervicitis
Proctitis (rectal)
Pharyngitis
Conjunctivitis
Disseminated
symptoms of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhoea? (male and female)
male: purulent urethral discharge, dysuria, urinary frequency
female: mucopurulent vaginal discharge, dysuria, urinary frequency
complications of gonorrhea if untreated?
Males –epididymitis, prostatitis, urethral stricture, disseminated disease
Females –Pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, disseminated disease
Both -Disseminated –skin lesions, tenosynovitis, monoarticular arthritis
treatment recommendations for uncomplicated gonorrhoea
avoid fluoroquinolones due to high rates of resistance
add on therapy (doxycycline); treatment of gonorrhoea should be accompanied by anti-chlamydial therapy (typically occur together)