IC10 ✅ Flashcards
What is an adverse drug reaction
Undesirable and harmful effects of drugs despite the drug being given in the correct dose and type
what are the 5 ADR categories
augmented
bizarre
continuous
delayed
end of use
What are some examples of pharmacological direct effect
Alcohol and sedatives (synergistics)
Vitamin K and anticoagulants (antagonistic)
what are the common drugs giving rise to ADR
oestrogen , corticosteroids and NSAIDS
what are the therapeutic uses of oestrogen
HRT and OCP
what are the therapeutic uses of corticosteroids
anti inflammation and replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency
what are the therapeutic uses of NSAIDS
anti-inflammation by inhibiting COX
what are the ADRs of NSAIDS
GI ulceration, gi bleeding , nausea, papillary necrosis , renal failure, SJS / TEN
what are the ADRS of oestrogen
thromboembolism
hypertension
breast cancer
hepatic benign tumour
endometrial cancer
what are the ADRs of corticosteroids
immnuosuppresion, stunted growth , mental disturbances, adrenocortical atrophy, diabetes, cushing syndrome
what are the common organs involved in ADR
GI, liver, bone marrow, skin, urinary tract
what are the skin reactions
drug eruptions, erythema multiforme, SJS /TEN
what drugs caused the skin reaction of drug eruption
antibiotics - co-trimoxazole, penicillin, rifampicin, quinolones, antifungals
antiepileptics - carbamazepine, benzodiazepine
NSAIDS - ibuprofen, aspirin, naproxen, mefenamic acid
paracetamol
antihypertensives - calcium channel blockers, angiotension converting enzyme inhibitors
what are the key drugs to remember for ADR
skin - antibiotics, antiepileptics, NSAIDS, antihypertensives
bone marrow - chemotherapeutic and cytotoxic
urinary tract - analgesic, cyclophosphamide
what are the steps to check for ADR
Communicate on ADR
History of ADR and allergies
Appropriate use, dose ,route and frequency of drug
Monitor lab
Polypharmacy and potential drug interactions
