Ib History Vocab test

Question 1

Sakoku

Answer 1

Japanese word for Closed Country, closed off due to fear of western ideas/Christianity

Question 2

Shogun

Answer 2

Most powerful Military lord, ruler of japan but not most powerful. Eventually takes complete power from the emperor

Question 3

Diet

Answer 3

A public representative body of the government (people that represent the people)

Question 4

Black Ships

Answer 4

gunboats powered by coal (steam boats) that were used to threaten Japan and other Asian nations into complying with the U.S.

Question 5

Treaty of Kanagawa

Answer 5

1854 - opened ports for fueling due to Commodore Perry’s influence. Granted U.S. the status of “most-favored nation” (other countries i.e. Russia had access too, but not same status as U.S.)

Question 6

Meiji Restoration

Answer 6

Meiji turned japan into a modernized and westernized country. Wants to create a rich country that has a strong millitary.Samurai follow. They focus on honor, courage, skill and loyalty above everything else. Its what makes Japan’s military like crazy

Question 7

Zaibatsu

Answer 7

“wealthy clique”, western idea brought into Japan, huge corporations that dominated Japanese economy and had deep ties with the military

Question 8

Sun Goddess

Answer 8

A god in shintoism, emperors were believed to be descendents of her.

Question 9

Throwing Off Asia

Answer 9

Deal with China and Korea as the West would, become a “first-class country,” manifest destiny

Question 10

Article Five of the Charter Oath

Answer 10

1868 - part of military reforms; how Japan will seek worldly knowledge in particular creation of a modern army and navy; military training from Prussia and purchased three warships from Britains.

Question 11

Imperial Rescript to Soldiers and Sailors:

Answer 11

1882 - Emperor’s official code of ethics for military personnel (they had to memorize); soilders instructed to be personally loyal avoid politics, live simply and respect civilians

Question 12

Samurai Legacy/Bushido Code

Answer 12

recommitted to emperor and military

Question 13

Esprit-de-corps

Answer 13

The feeling of loyalty and pride that comes from being part of a particular group. Comes from France, also used in the Industrial revolution.

Question 14

Triple Intervention

Answer 14

Germany, Russia, and France meet to discuss concerns about Japan’s growing power and force Japan to give up Liaodong Peninsula (which Russia takes)

Question 15

Anglo-Japanese Alliance:

Answer 15

1902 - ended Japan’s diplomatic isolation, first time a military alliance was signed by a western and non-western country

to counter Russia’s expansion into East Asia - let br and Japan be a little less afraid of the soviets

Question 16

Twenty-One Demands

Answer 16

With the Allies distracted ww1, Japan secretly issued China a list of demands. Demands for German holdings, privileges in S. Manchuria, no leasing of coastal territory to other powers, installment of Japanese “advisors” in China’s government

demands modified

Question 17

Treaty of Portsmouth

Answer 17

Treaty that ended the Russo-Japanese war, gave Japan land on the Liaodong Peninsula

Russia was not forced to pay indemnity! outrage for Japan

Question 18

Racial Equality Clause

Answer 18

Japan requested a Racial Equality Clause to be added in the Charter of the League of Nations. This was rejected because leaders of Britain and the US feared negative impacts of it being added. This was a reminder to Japan of their standing with Western countries.

Question 19

Washington Treaty System

Answer 19

The treaties that Japan signed to limit its power with the west.

Question 20

Four Power Treaty

Answer 20

Britain, US, Japan, and France, agree to confer if rights or possessions are threatened.

Question 21

Nine Power Treaty

Answer 21

Nine countries agree to all abuse china simultaneously and not have any one take too much control/ avoid war

Question 22

Five Power Naval Treaty

Answer 22

US, Britain, Italy, France, and Japan limit tonnage of battleships and aircraft carriers by specific ratio (5:5:3)

Question 23

Taisho Democracy

Answer 23

The attempt to limit the militaries power. Joins league of nations, Prime Minister position awarded based on experience, not status

Question 24

Takashi Hara

Answer 24

First PM to be elected to Diet, The Great Commoner. A moderate who emphasized on cultural freedom.

assassinated

Question 25

May 15th Incident

Answer 25

Koda-Ha assassinated the prime minister in 1932. They then assassinated two more political leaders, and the Tosei- Ha became dominant.

Question 26

Smoot-Hawley Tariff:

Answer 26

Tariff that made trading in America more difficult, as a result of the depression. Silk became worth ⅕ of what it had been. 200% higher on Japanese duties.

Question 27

Kwantung Army:

Answer 27

Japanese army; Since 1906 the southern Manchurian railway was guarded by Kwantung garrison in 1919 developed into Kwantung army (Became a stronghold of Kodo-ha faction).

Question 28

Dark Valley

Answer 28

(1932-1936) Military vying for power in response to political instability (between K-oh and T-oh) Ended with Tosei-ha on top- no expansion

Question 29

Imperial Way Faction

Answer 29

Koda-ha, spiritual and radical faction that believed military dictatorship would deliver state socialism, believed that war with Soviets was inevitable and conquering Manchuria would be the 1st step to this

Question 30

Mukden Incident

Answer 30

Explosion on Southern Manchurian railway, Japan blames China, however there is evidence that Japan was responsible

1931

Question 31

Manchukuo

Answer 31

1932
Name for the Japanese-controlled territory of Manchuria, not recognized by the rest of the world

Question 32

New Order of East Asia

Answer 32

Japan declared a political, cultural, and economic union between Japan, Manchukuo, and China. Prince Konoe publicly declared Japan’s aim of creating the union.

Question 33

Marco Polo Bridge Incident

Answer 33

1937
Japanese forces from Korea went to the Marco Polo bridge, attacking China , the start of the second Sino jap war

Question 34

Rape of Nanking

Answer 34

Happened in 1937-38 during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Japan marched into the city of Nanking and brutally killed 300,000 people.

Question 35

Stimson Doctrine

Answer 35

Secretary Stimson issued the Stimson Doctrine in early 1932. This Doctrine stated that the United States would not recognize any treaty or agreement between Japan and China that violated U.S. rights or agreements

Question 36

Tripartite Pact

Answer 36

An agreement between Germany, Italy, and Japan signed in Berlin in 1940. The Pact provided for mutual assistance should any of the nation if they got attacked. The US seized Japanese money and property to stop them.

Question 37

Soviet-Japanese Non-Aggression Pact

Answer 37

Japanese Russo signed so that Japan can be assured that Russia will not do anything if they expand

Question 38

Great East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Answer 38

Extension of New Order in East Asia which stated that Japan would continue to attack indochina + expansion

Question 39

Lytton commission

Answer 39

British press investigating Japanese action pertaining to the Machuria/Japan/China issue
determined that Manchuria should be an independent state under China, but Japan’s reasons for their desire for Manchuria and their actions were understood to an extent

Question 40

Second Sino Japanese War

Answer 40

started in 1937 by the Marco Polo Bridge Incident - Japan surrenders in 1945

results: Japan proposes New Order in East Asia (1938)
stretched Japan’s supply lines

Question 41

Kellog Briand Pact

Answer 41

1928
Pact between league of nations +others to not solve conflict with war

Question 42

Peace Preservation Law

Answer 42

Law in Japan that opposed any citizen who had opposition to the political structure of Japan (Communists)

1925

Question 43

Treaty of Shimonoskei

Answer 43

treaty that stated that Japan got Manchuria, Taiwan, Korea, and southern Machuria as a result of the FIRST sino (china) Japanese war

Question 44

First Sino Japanese War

Answer 44

1894- 1895

Japan vs China (Japan wins)
war fought over the ownership of Korea

Japan benefits with ownership of tiawaan, Korea, s. Manchuria , but was forced to return Liadong via the Tripple Intervention

Question 45

treaty of kanGHwa/ Japan - Korea Treaty of Aminty

not to be confused with treaty of KANAgawa (US- Jap)

Answer 45

treaty by Japan and backed by gunboat diplomacy which forced Korea into unequal treaties with Japan - gave Japan most favored nation status - china upset

Question 46

Soviet - Japanese Non aggression Pact

Answer 46

Pact between Russia and Japan that states that soviets could focus on Europe while Japan focuses south, and that they basically wouldn’t interfere with each other

Question 47

shidehara Kijuro

Answer 47

Japanese ambassador to Washington, had good international relations, peaceful economic development, foreign minister,

Question 48

tripple intervention

Answer 48

When russia persuaded France and Germany to make Japan give up Liadong