I's & K's

Question 1

I/O addresses

Answer 1

(Input/Output addresses)

Input/output peripherals have a special area of memory in the range 0000-FFFF set aside to allow data reading and writing functions. This is normally configured by Plug-and-Play but can be set manually using Device Manager.

Question 2

IaaS

Answer 2

(Infrastructure as a Service)

A cloud computing service that enables a consumer to outsource computing equipment purchases and running their own data center.

Question 3

IC

Answer 3

(integrated circuit)

A silicon chip embedded on a ceramic plate.

Question 4

ICMP

Answer 4

(Internet Control Message Protocol)

IP-level protocol for reporting errors and status information supporting the function of troubleshooting utilities such as ping.

Question 5

IDE

Answer 5

(Integrated Development Environment)

A programming environment that typically includes a code editor containing an autocomplete feature to help you write code, a debugger to help you find coding errors, and an interpreter that translates the script file code into machine readable code the computer can execute.

Question 6

IDS

Answer 6

(Intrusion Detection System)

Software or security appliance designed to monitor network traffic (NIDS) or configuration files and logs on a host (HIDS) to record and detect unusual activity. Many systems can automatically take preventive action(Intrusion Prevention System [IPS]).Detection is either signature-based or anomaly-based (or both). IDS software typically requires a lengthy period of configuration and “training” to recognize baseline “normal” activity.

Question 7

IMAP

Answer 7

(Internet Message Access Protocol)

ATCP/IP application protocol providing a means for a client to access email messages stored in a mailbox on a remote server. Unlike POP3, messages persist on the server after the client has downloaded them. IMAP also supports mailbox management functions, such as creating subfolders and access to the same mailbox by more than one client at the same time. IMAP4 utilizes TCP port number 143.

Question 8

IMEI number

Answer 8

(International Mobile Equipment Identity number)

A number that uniquely identifies a mobile device on a GSM network.

Question 9

IMSI number

Answer 9

(International Mobile Subscriber Identity number)

A number that uniquely identifies a mobile subscriber.

Question 10

IoT

Answer 10

(Internet of Things)

The global network of personal devices (such as phones, tablets, and fitness trackers), home appliances, home control systems, vehicles, and other items that have been equipped with sensors, software, and network connectivity.

Question 11

IP

Answer 11

(Internet Protocol)

The network (Internet)layer protocol in the TCP/IP suite providing packet addressing and routing for all higher level protocols in the suite.

Question 12

IP scale (Ing…)

Answer 12

(ingress protection scale)

An international standard to determine how well electrical enclosures are sealed against dust, water, moisture, and other intrusive materials from entering the enclosure. The ratings scale is defined in the BritishEN60529:1992 and European IEC60509:1989 standards.

Question 13

IPS (In…)

Answer 13

(in-plane switching)

An LCD panel technology designed to resolve the quality issues inherent in TN panel technology, including strong viewing angle dependence and low-quality color reproduction.

Question 14

IPS (Intrusion…)

Answer 14

(Intrusion Protection System)

Systems that can automatically take preventive action using signature-based or anomaly-based detection. Also known as network IDS(NIDS).

Question 15

IPS (Indoor…)

*Not protection

Answer 15

(Indoor Positioning Systems)

A system that works out a device’s location by triangulating its proximity to other radio sources, such as Wi-Fi access points or Bluetooth beacons.

Question 16

IPSec

Answer 16

(Internet Protocol Security)

Layer 3protocol suite providing security for TCP/IP. It can be used in two modes(transport, where only the data payload is encrypted, and tunnel, where the entire IP packet is encrypted and a new IP header added). IPsec can provide confidentiality and/or integrity. Encryption can be applied using a number of hash (MD5 or SHA) and symmetric (DES or AES) algorithms. Key exchange and security associations are handled by the Internet Key Exchange Protocol. Hosts can be authenticated by a shared secret, PKI, or Kerberos.

Question 17

IR

Answer 17

(Infrared)

Infrared Data Association (IrDA)was a wireless networking standard supporting speeds up to about 4 Mbps. Infrared (IR) sensors are used in mobile devices and with IR blasters to control appliances.

Question 18

IRQ

Answer 18

(Interrupt Request)

A communications channel between a hardware device and the system processor. Originally, when hardware was added to the computer it had to be manually configured with a unique interrupt number (between 0 and15). Plug-and-Play compatible systems configure resources automatically. The PCI bus introduced IRQ steering, which allowed IRQs to be shared. Modern computers use programmable interrupt controllers, allowing for hundreds of interrupts.

Question 19

ISDN

Answer 19

(Integrated Services Digital Network)

A digital phone/fax/data service used to provide Internet connectivity. There are two classes of ISDN: Basic Rate Interface(BRI) provides two 64 Kbps (B channels) for data and one 16 Kbps (D channel) for link management control signals; Primary Rate Interface (PRI) provides either T1 or E1capacity levels (23B or 30B) channels, depending on location in the world, and one 64 Kbps D channel.

Question 20

ISP

Answer 20

(Internet Service Provider)

An organization that provides a connection to the Internet and other web- and email-related services. A connection to the ISP’s Internet routing equipment can be made using a variety of methods.

Question 21

IXPs

Answer 21

(Internet eXchange Points)

High bandwidth trunks that connect to the Internet backbone.

Question 22

KVM switch

Answer 22

(Keyboard Video Mouse switch)

A switch supporting a single set of input and output devices controlling a number of PCs. KVM are more typically used with servers but 2-port versions allow a single keyboard, mouse, and display to be used with two PCs.