A's Flashcards
aaS
(Something as a Service)
An ownership model for cloud services where the “something” can refer to infrastructure, network, platform, or software.
AC (power)
(alternating current)
When electricity is produced by a generator at the power station, the rotational movement of the magnetic coils causes the current produced to oscillate like a sinewave (it is said to alternate). Computers require direct current (at a constant voltage). A transformer is used to convert AC from the power outlet into the 3.3, 5, and 12 V DC supply required by the computer.
ACL
(Access Control List)
The permissions attached to or configured on a network resource, such as folder, file, or firewall. The ACL specifies which subjects (user accounts, host IP addresses, and so on)are allowed or denied access and the privileges given over the object (read only, read/write, and so on).
ADF
(Automatic Document Feeder)
Device that feeds media automatically into a scanner or printer.
ADSL
(Asymmetrical DSL)
A consumer version of DSL that provides a fast downlink but a slow uplink. The upstream rate is between64 Kbps and 1 Mbps and the downstream rate it 500 Kbps to 8 Mbps.
AES
(Advanced Encryption Standard)
Modern encryption suite providing symmetric encryption (the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt). AES is a very strong cipher with many applications, including being part of the WPA2 Wi-Fi encryption scheme.
AFP
(Apple Filing Protocol)
Protocol supporting file sharing on macOS networks. AFP works over TCP port 548.
AHCI
(Advanced Host Controller Interface)
A logical interface used by SATA drives to communicate with the bus.
ALU
(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
A circuit in the CPU that performs integer-based calculations and performs bit-wise logical calculations.
AP
(Access Point)
A device that provides connectivity between wireless devices and a cabled network. APs with Internet connectivity located in public buildings(cafes, libraries, and airports, for instance)are often referred to as hotspots.
APIPA
(Automatic Private IP Addressing)
A means for Windows clients configured to obtain an address automatically that could not contact a DHCP server to communicate on the local subnet. The host randomly selects an address from the range169.254.x.y. This is also called a link-local address.
AR
(augmented reality)
Using software and smartphone cameras or headsets to interact with real-world objects and images or change the way they appear in some way.
ARP
(Address Resolution Protocol)
When two systems communicate using IP, an IP address is used to identify the destination machine. The IP address must be mapped to a device (the network adapter’s MAC address). ARP performs the task of resolving an IP address to a hardware address. Each host caches known mappings in an ARP table for a few minutes. It is also a utility used to manage the ARP cache.
ASF
(AutoSheet Feeder)
In an inkjet printer, the paper pickup mechanism to feed paper into the printer.
