Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1 Anatomy > I. Meninges > Flashcards

I. Meninges Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the dura?

A

2 Layers

External periosteal layer and inner meningeal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the layers of the dura?

A

2 Layers

External periosteal layer and inner meningeal layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which layer of dura extends beyond foramen magnum?

A

Inner meningeal layer extends beyond FM and forms spinal dura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does the dura end in the spine?

A

S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the arachnoid made of?

A

Fibroblasts, collagen fibers and some elastic fibers

With tight junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the layers of the pia?

A 
Intimal layer (avascular, nutrients from CSF)
Epipial layer (continuous with arachnoid trabeculae)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the dentate ligament?

A

Formed by pia

Stretches from midpoint between dorsal and ventral roots on lateral spinal cord surface and attach to arachnoid/dura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the filum terminale?

A

Extension of epipia and continues from S2 and ends as the coccygeal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Virchow-Robin spaces

A

Perivascular potential space between blood vessels and surrounding sheath of leptomeninges entering nervous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Blood supply to the meninges

A

Anterior meningeal: ophthalmic
Middle meningeal: maxillary
Posterior meningeal: occipita/vertebral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Blood supply to the tentorium

A

Cavernous ICA
SCA
Proximal PCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neural innervation to supratentorial dura

A

Anterior fossa: V1
Middle fossa: V2
Posterior fossa, mastoid air cells: V3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neural innervation to infratentorial dura

A

Upper cervical roots (C2, C3)

Cranial nerve X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Neural innervation to spinal dura

A

Recurrent branches of spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Embryologic origin of meninges

A

Ectoderm: leptomeninges, ependyma, neural parenchyma, glia

Mesoderm: dura, blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of CSF

A

Nutrient, waste, cushion, neurotransmitters, para/endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Levels of these ions in CSF vs Plasma:

Na, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, uric acid, glucose

A

Na same
Higher Cl-
Lower K+, Ca2+, uric acid, glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Normal glucose level in CSF

A

45-80 mg/dL (2/3 of serum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Normal protein in CSF

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What level is used to assess CSF leak?

A

Beta-transferrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Froin’s syndrome

A

CSF with high protein but normal cell count

Advanced spinal tumor/meningitis blocking CSF flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CSF Specific Gravity

A

1.007

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

CSF pH

A

7.33-7.35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Traumatic CSF tap ratio of RBC to WBC

A

700 RBCs to 1 WBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Site of CSF production

A

70% choroid plexus
18% ultrafiltrate
12% metabolic H2O production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: Norepinephrine

A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: Volatile anesthetics

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: CO2

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Total volume of CSF in a 70kg man

A

150 mL total

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Total volume of CSF within ventricles in a 70kg man

A

25 mL

32
Q

Total volume of CSF made in a day

A

450 mL

33
Q

Rate of CSF production mL/min or mL/h

A

0.3-0.37 mL/min

20 mL/h

34
Q

What cell type is the choroid plexus?

A

Single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells surrounding blood vessels. Site of CSF production

35
Q

Where is choroid plexus located?

A

Roof of fourth ventricle
Inferior medullary velum/lateral recess of Luschka
Posterior roof of 3rd ventricle
Floor of bodies and roof of temporal horns

36
Q

Where are arachnoid granulations most abundant?

A

Superior sagittal sinus

37
Q

How is CSF absorption regulated?

A

Pressure-dependent one-way valve

Collapsing tubules that transmit CSF when ICP is 3-6 cm H2O > venous pressure

38
Q

Monro-Kellie doctrine

A

Closed skull with fixed volume
1500 mL brain
150 mL blood
150 mL CSF

39
Q

Normal ICP values

A
40
Q

Which layer of dura extends beyond foramen magnum?

A

Inner meningeal layer extends beyond FM and forms spinal dura

41
Q

Where does the dura end in the spine?

A

S2

42
Q

What is the arachnoid made of?

A

Fibroblasts, collagen fibers and some elastic fibers

With tight junctions

43
Q

What are the layers of the pia?

A 
Intimal layer (avascular, nutrients from CSF)
Epipial layer (continuous with arachnoid trabeculae)
44
Q

What is the dentate ligament?

A

Formed by pia

Stretches from midpoint between dorsal and ventral roots on lateral spinal cord surface and attach to arachnoid/dura

45
Q

What is the filum terminale?

A

Extension of epipia and continues from S2 and ends as the coccygeal ligament

46
Q

Virchow-Robin spaces

A

Perivascular potential space between blood vessels and surrounding sheath of leptomeninges entering nervous tissue

47
Q

Blood supply to the meninges

A

Anterior meningeal: ophthalmic
Middle meningeal: maxillary
Posterior meningeal: occipita/vertebral

48
Q

Blood supply to the tentorium

A

Cavernous ICA
SCA
Proximal PCA

49
Q

Neural innervation to supratentorial dura

A

Anterior fossa: V1
Middle fossa: V2
Posterior fossa, mastoid air cells: V3

50
Q

Neural innervation to infratentorial dura

A

Upper cervical roots (C2, C3)

Cranial nerve X

51
Q

Neural innervation to spinal dura

A

Recurrent branches of spine

52
Q

Embryologic origin of meninges

A

Ectoderm: leptomeninges, ependyma, neural parenchyma, glia

Mesoderm: dura, blood vessels

53
Q

Function of CSF

A

Nutrient, waste, cushion, neurotransmitters, para/endocrine

54
Q

Levels of these ions in CSF vs Plasma:

Na, K+, Cl-, Ca2+, uric acid, glucose

A

Na same
Higher Cl-
Lower K+, Ca2+, uric acid, glucose

55
Q

Normal glucose level in CSF

A

45-80 mg/dL (2/3 of serum)

56
Q

Normal protein in CSF

A
57
Q

What level is used to assess CSF leak?

A

Beta-transferrin

58
Q

Froin’s syndrome

A

CSF with high protein but normal cell count

Advanced spinal tumor/meningitis blocking CSF flow

59
Q

CSF Specific Gravity

A

1.007

60
Q

CSF pH

A

7.33-7.35

61
Q

Traumatic CSF tap ratio of RBC to WBC

A

700 RBCs to 1 WBC

62
Q

Site of CSF production

A

70% choroid plexus
18% ultrafiltrate
12% metabolic H2O production

63
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

A

Decreases

64
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: Norepinephrine

A

Decreases

65
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: Volatile anesthetics

A

Increases

66
Q

Increases or decreases CSF production: CO2

A

Increases

67
Q

Total volume of CSF in a 70kg man

A

150 mL total

68
Q

Total volume of CSF within ventricles in a 70kg man

A

25 mL

69
Q

Total volume of CSF made in a day

A

450 mL

70
Q

Rate of CSF production mL/min or mL/h

A

0.3-0.37 mL/min

20 mL/h

71
Q

What cell type is the choroid plexus?

A

Single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells surrounding blood vessels. Site of CSF production

72
Q

Where is choroid plexus located?

A

Roof of fourth ventricle
Inferior medullary velum/lateral recess of Luschka
Posterior roof of 3rd ventricle
Floor of bodies and roof of temporal horns

73
Q

Where are arachnoid granulations most abundant?

A

Superior sagittal sinus

74
Q

How is CSF absorption regulated?

A

Pressure-dependent one-way valve

Collapsing tubules that transmit CSF when ICP is 3-6 cm H2O > venous pressure

75
Q

Monro-Kellie doctrine

A

Closed skull with fixed volume
1500 mL brain
150 mL blood
150 mL CSF

76
Q

Normal ICP values

A

1 Anatomy (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions