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Science - 3rd Monthly > I don't know, VOLCA-KNOWS! > Flashcards

I don't know, VOLCA-KNOWS! Flashcards

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1
Q

Philippines is situated between two tectonic plates, namely?

A

The Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate

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2
Q

The word Volcano comes from the Italian word (1) _________, which means “(2)__________________,” and also the Latin word (3)________, the (4)______________

A

(1) Vulcano
(2) burning mountain
(3) Vulcan
(4) Roman God of Fire

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3
Q

Parts of a Volcano (8)

A
  • Main vent
  • Magma chamber
  • Crater
  • Lava flow
  • Secondary vent
  • Secondary cone
  • Ash cloud
  • Ash
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4
Q

A vent, hill, or mountain that erupts, releasing molten rocks, rock fragments, and gaseous materials onto Earth’s surface.

A

Volcano

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5
Q

It is where magma passes through from the magma chamber to reach Earth’s surface.

A

Main vent

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6
Q

This is a large reservoir that stores molten rock (magma) prior to eruption.

A

Magma chamber

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7
Q

It is a bowl-shaped depression produced by volcanic activity and explosion.

A

Crater

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8
Q

This is the stream of molten rock flowing out of the crater.

A

Lava flow

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9
Q

This is an alternative smaller outlet where magma escapes to reach Earth’s surface.

A

Secondary vent

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10
Q

This is formed when lava and ashes escape from smaller vents.

A

Secondary cone

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11
Q

Secondary cones are also known as?

A

Parasitic cones

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12
Q

Formed from pyroclastic fragments and volcanic ashes that form and solidify around the main vent to form a cone, which can be either circular or oval.

A

Cinder cone volcanoes

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12
Q

4 types of volcanoes according to shape

A
  • Cinder cone volcano
  • Composite volcano
  • Shield volcano
  • Lava dome
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12
Q

It is formed when thick volcanic ashes are discharged into the atmosphere caused by violent explosion or eruption of the volcano.

A

Ash cloud

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12
Q

It is a mixture or rocks, minerals, and glass particles expelled during a volcanic eruption.

A

Ash

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13
Q

Typically symmetrical cones that are steep and may rise as high as 2 400 meters from the ground.

A

Composite volcanoes

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14
Q

Composite volcanoes have acidic and sticky lava, which allows the lava to __________ without travelling very far.

A

solidify

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15
Q

Composite volcanoes are usually active. True or False?

A

False. It is usually DORMANT for many years that they can be considered extinct.

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16
Q

Formed from non-acidic basaltic lava flows of high viscosity producing broad sloping sides and shield-like structures.

A

Shield volcanoes

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17
Q

Shield volcanoes are not very explosive and are among the largest volcanoes in the world. True or False?

A

True

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18
Q

3 types of volcanoes according to eruptive history

A
  • Active
  • Dormant
  • Extinct
19
Q

These volcanoes have erupted during historical times within the last 600 years.

A

Active

20
Q

These volcanoes are active but not erupting; however, they are expected to erupt anytime soon.

A

Dormant

21
Q

These volcanoes have not had any eruption in the past 10 000 years and are expected not to erupt anymore in the future.

A

Extinct

22
Q

Why is it important to understand the different types of volcanic activities?

A

It enables is to predict the possibilities of eruptions in the future.

23
Q

3 different phases of volcanic eruption

A

Preparation phase, eruption phase, and ending phase

24
Q

An increase in seismic activity and steam or smoke coming out from the volcano can be observed.

A

Preparation phase

25
Q

The pressure will start to build up inside the magma chamber and the energy starts to increase for eruption.

A

eruption phase

26
Q

After the eruption, the chamber is now empty, which may trigger the walls of the conduit to weaken and to collapse.

A

Ending phase

27
Q

In general, volcanic eruptions may be classified as ___________ and _____________.

A

explosive and effusive

28
Q

Involve the outpouring of basaltic magma that is relatively low in viscosity and low in gas content.

A

Effusive eruptions

29
Q

Involve magma of high viscosity and high gas content.

A

Explosive eruptions

30
Q

In a more detailed classification scheme based on activity, volcanic eruptions are commonly divided into 6 major types.

A
  • Hawaiian type
  • Strombolian type
  • Vulcanian type
  • Plinian type
  • Phreatic type
  • Phreatomagmatic type
31
Q

A type of volcanic eruption wherein fluid basaltic lava is thrown into the air, creating a lava fountain or lava flows.

A

Hawaiian type

32
Q

It is the most violent type of volcanic eruption among all types because it releases huge amounts of gases and ashes at great speeds.

A

Plinian type

32
Q

A type of volcanic eruption wherein there is a burst of glowing lava due to the bursting of gas bubbles at the vents of the volcano.

A

Strombolian type

32
Q

Strombolian eruptions creates eruptive products such as _______ and _________.

A

scoria and lava bombs

32
Q

A type of volcanic eruption, the eruption is short, explosive, and violent.

A

Vulcanian type

33
Q

A type of volcanic eruption, it is a steam-driven explosion.

A

Phreatic type

34
Q

It is a type of volcanic eruption that involves the eruption of magma that reacts to external water; the interaction between magma and water results in an explosion that releases steam and pyroclastic fragments onto the Earth’s surface.

A

Phreatomagmatic type

35
Q

When a volcano erupts, it emits three types of materials. These are:

A
  • Lava
  • Rock fragments
  • Gases
36
Q

It refers to magma that has been expelled onto Earth’s surface.

A

Lava

37
Q

It refers to the pyroclastic materials and rock fragments that are being expelled during volcanic eruptions.

A

Tephra

38
Q

Large, dense pyroclastic rocks that cool in the air before they reach the ground.

A

Volcanic bombs

38
Q

4 types of pyroclastic materials

A
  • Volcanic bombs
  • Volcanic ash
  • Lapilli
  • Volcanic blocks
39
Q

Volcanic bombs are commonly found in older ______ volcanoes.

A

shield

40
Q

Volcanic bomb is a mass of molten rock that is larger than ___ mm in diameter.

A

64

41
Q

A mixture of powder-sized rocks, minerals, and gas particles.

A

Volcanic ash

42
Q

Lapilli means “________” in Latin.

A

little stones

42
Q

Pyroclastic materials that are already solid when ejected during eruptions.

A

Volcanic blocks

Science - 3rd Monthly (3 decks)

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