Hypoxia Flashcards
What are the primary factors of hypoxia?
- Altitude- increase= less pressure
- Time- longer exposure= worse
- Exercise- more physical activity= more o2
- Cold- need more energy to create heat
- Illness- more energy required
- Faigue- more susceptible
- Drugs/ Alchohol- can be cause
What is hypoxia and what are some symptoms?
Deficiency of oxygen in the bodies tissues great enough to cause impairment of function.
Symptoms- impairment of vision, euphoria, light head, dizziness, hot/cold flashes, breathlessness
External symptoms- reasoning difficulties, headache, poor motor coordination, tingling sensations, increased persperation, cyanosis, and more
Everyone has own symptoms.
What is the first stage of hypoxia?
Indifferent- 0-10,000 ft. no real impairment other than fatigue or dark vision. o2 levels= 98-97%
What is the second stage of hypoxia?
Compensatory- 10,000-15,000 ft. Impairment becomes apparent with time. Short term memory loss, judgement lapse, can’t complete difficult task
What is the third stage of hypoxia?
Disturbance- 15,000-20,000 ft. Body can no longer offer protection. Normal symptoms begin.
What is the final stage of hypoxia?
Critical- 20,000 and higher. Rapid decrease in operational capabilities, few minutes at most, little or no warning at higher altitudes
Explain hypoxic hypoxia.
Caused by lack of partial pressure of o2 in order to transfer to tissues. Altitude, vacuums, etc.
Treatment- reduce altitude, supplemental oxygen
Explain Hypemic Hypoxia.
Oxygen deficiency due to the reduction of oxygen caring capacity of blood.
Common causes are carbon monoxide
Symptoms are carbon monoxide- faster building headache, muscle weakness, dizziness, nausea, confusion
Explain Stagnant hypoxia.
Blood pools and/or is unable to move. Body parts falling asleep, G-lock, heart failure
Explain Histotoxic hypoxia.
Tissues are unable to use o2. Caused from alcohol and cyanide
What are the two types of bottles oxygen is stored in?
High pressure- marked green. 1800-2200 psi
Low pressure- 400-450 psi
Other than bottles, what is one other way oxygen is stored?
Chemically
Explain what is meant by continuous flow oxygen.
Most basic system for o2 delivery. Uses ambient air pressure and just increases the percent of o2 that the person receives. Only good for lower altitudes.
Name and explain the three types of continuous flow oxygen systems.
1) Nasal cannulas- restricted by FAA regulations to 18,000 ft service altitude because of risk of reducing oxyen-blood saturation levels if one uses mouth too much
2) Basic, Oral-nasal breather- external plastic bag that inflates every exhale. Good up to 25,000 ft.
3) “Pig snouts”- uses series of one way ports that allow mixture of 100% oxygen and cabin air into mask. Exhale is vented into atmospere. Good up to 40,000 ft.
What is the max. safe amount of pressure you can add to o2?
40mm
60 can be deadly
