Hypotonia Flashcards
Down’s syndrome: mental function
uneven cognitive profile
DS: sensory function
myopia, otitis media
DS: CV, haematological, immunological, respiratory
heart defects, respiratory infections, leukaemia
DS: digestive, metabolic and endocrine
Oesophageal atresia, hypothyroidism
DS: neuromusculoskeletal and movement related
Muscle weakness Long bone shortness Limb joint hyper mobility/increased flexibility Possible C1/C2 instability Hypotonicity Subluxation of hip and patella
DS: activity flags
Learning and apply knowledge (decreased verbal short term memory) Communication Mobility (gross motor delay)
Flags with respect to NMSDA - Down’s syndrome
Neurological - hypotonicity Sensory motor - strabismus Posture and balance - minimal weight shifting, decreased efficacy protective extension Gross motor skills - delayed crawling Fine Motor skills - immature grasp
PWS: mental functions
Behaviour problems - obsessive compulsive
PWS: sensory functions and pain
myopia, high pain threshold
PWS: CV, haematological, immunological and respiratory
Increased incidence of respiratory infections
PWS: neuromusculoskeletal and movement related
Muscle weakness Hypotonicity Scoliosis Osteoporosis Short stature Hands and feet small for height
PWS: activity flags
Learning and apply knowledge
Communication (articulation difficulties)
Mobility (GM delays)
Flags with respect to NSMDA - PWS
Neurological - hypotonicity Sensor motor - myopia Posture and balance responses - decreased efficacy head and body righting Gross Motor skills - delayed rolling Fine Motor skills - immature grasp
Flags with respect to NSMDA - RS
Neurological - hypotonicity/dystonia
Sensory motor - decreased gaze/eye hand coordination
Posture and balance responses - minimal weight shifting, decreased efficacy protective extension
Gross motor skills - plateauing of motor skills
Fine Motor skills - regression of grasp stereotypical hand movements
Cornerstones anchoring the ‘Hypotonia Wheel’
Identify activity and participation goals
Assess environmental barriers and facilitators
Include parents/caregivers
Make sure child is actively involved and positively engaged
