Hypothesis Testing

Question 1

The statistical assessment of a statement or idea regarding a population

Answer 1

Hypothesis Testing

Question 2

The hypothesis that the researcher wants to reject, denoted Ho

Answer 2

Null Hypothesis

* The hypothesis that is actually tested and is the basis for the selection of the test statistics.

Question 3

Two-tailed test for the population mean

Answer 3

Ho = u = uo,
Ha = u =/ uo

Question 4

One-tailed test for the population mean

Answer 4

Ho: u <= uo
Ha: u > uo

Question 5

Statistic calculated by comparing the point estimate of the population parameter with the hypothesized value of the parameter specified in Ho.

Answer 5

Test Statistic

Question 6

Test-Statistic Calculation

Answer 6

(Sample Statistic - Hypothesized Value) / SE of sample

Question 7

2 Types of Errors in Hypothesis Testing

Answer 7

Type 1: The rejection of null hypothesis when it is actually true, alpha == % that Type 1 happens
Type 2: The failure to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false, 1-alpha == % that Type 2 happens

Question 8

The probability of obtaining a test statistic that would lead to a rejection of the null hypothesis, assuming the null hypothesis is true,

Answer 8

P-value

Question 9

If sample, n<30, and the distribution is non-normal, we have no reliable statistical test.

Answer 9

…

Question 10

T-statistic Calculation

Answer 10

t = (Xbar - uo)/ (s/n^(1/2))

Question 11

Used with t-statistics for testing the means of two normally distributed populations are equal, when the variances of the population are unknown but assumed to be equal.

Answer 11

pooled variances

Question 12

Test used for hypothesis testing concerning the variance of a normally distributed population.

Answer 12

Chi-square Test

*Asymmetrical and approaches the normal distribution in shape as the degrees of freedom increases.

Question 13

Chi-Square Calculation

Answer 13

ChiSquare = (n-1)s^2 / sigma^2

s= sample variance
sigma^2 = hypothesized population variance

Question 14

Test concerned with the equality of the variances of two populations, used when the populations are normally distributed.

Answer 14

F-Test

*Is right skewed

Question 15

F-Test Calculation

Answer 15

F = s1^2 / s2^2

s1 = Variance of s1
s2 = Variance of s2

Question 16

Tests that rely on assumptions regarding the distribution of the population and are specific to population parameters

Answer 16

Parametric Tests

ex. z-test

Question 17

Tests that do no consider a particular population parameter or have few assumptions about the population that is sampled.

Answer 17

Nonparametric Tests