Hypothesis Testing

Question 1

Null Hypothesis (H0)

Answer 1

states that observations are the result of random chance - no difference/relationship

Question 2

Alternate Hypothesis (HA)

Answer 2

there IS a difference/relationship in the observations

Question 3

Can you accept the alternate hypothesis?

Answer 3

NO it is always reject the null or fail to reject the null

Question 4

Type 1 Error (a)

Answer 4

reject the null hypothesis when it is actually true (false positive)

Question 5

Type 2 Error (b)

Answer 5

fail to reject the null even though it isn’t true (false negative)

Question 6

What error is preferred? Why?

Answer 6

Type 2 errors preferred because they can be minimized with calculations or diff. sample sizes

Question 7

One-tailed Test

Answer 7

only reject the null if it falls in one of the tails
example: we only care if a new drug is better (not worse) or if spaying a dog will make it more aggressive

Question 8

Two-Tailed Test

Answer 8

reject null if it falls in either tail
example: spaying a dog will make it more or less aggressive

Question 9

Are statistical and clinical significance equivalent?

Answer 9

no