Hypothermia Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of hypothermia ?

A

temp <35 degrees

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2
Q

what four ways is heat lost with how much %?

A

radiation 60%
conduction 15%
convention 15%
evaporation 10%

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3
Q

what causes secondary hypothermia ?

A

change in temperature set point

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4
Q

what are some causes of secondary hypothermia ?

A

age related
hypothyroidism
autonomic neuropathy

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5
Q

what are the temp differences of mild, moderate and severe hypothermia ?

A

mild 32-35
moderate 28-32
severe <28

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6
Q

what is the presentation of mild hypothermia ?

A

shivering
tachycardia
apathy
vasoconstriction

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7
Q

what is the presentation of moderate hypothermia ?

A
bradycardia, hypotension, dysrhythmia 
J waves 
reduced reflexes 
dilated pupils 
decreased GCS
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8
Q

what is the presentation of severe hypothermia ?

A
apnoea 
cardiogenic shock 
non reactive pupils 
coagulopathy 
oliguria 
pulmonary oedema
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9
Q

where are J waves seen on the ECG

A

between the QRS and T wave

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10
Q

what tests should be done for hypothermia ?

A

ear/rectal temp
FBC, U&Es, Glucose
ABG
ECG

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11
Q

what are some complications of hypothermia

A

arrhythmias
pneumonia
coagulopathy
acute renal failure

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12
Q

what is the management of hypothermia ?

A
cardiac monitoring 
warm IV 0.9% fluids 
urinary catheter 
slowly rewarm 
- blankets, warm drinks, warmed air
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13
Q

what is the increase of temp aimed for each hour for hypothermia ?

A

0.5 degree per hour

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