Hypothermia Flashcards
what is the definition of hypothermia ?
temp <35 degrees
what four ways is heat lost with how much %?
radiation 60%
conduction 15%
convention 15%
evaporation 10%
what causes secondary hypothermia ?
change in temperature set point
what are some causes of secondary hypothermia ?
age related
hypothyroidism
autonomic neuropathy
what are the temp differences of mild, moderate and severe hypothermia ?
mild 32-35
moderate 28-32
severe <28
what is the presentation of mild hypothermia ?
shivering
tachycardia
apathy
vasoconstriction
what is the presentation of moderate hypothermia ?
bradycardia, hypotension, dysrhythmia J waves reduced reflexes dilated pupils decreased GCS
what is the presentation of severe hypothermia ?
apnoea cardiogenic shock non reactive pupils coagulopathy oliguria pulmonary oedema
where are J waves seen on the ECG
between the QRS and T wave
what tests should be done for hypothermia ?
ear/rectal temp
FBC, U&Es, Glucose
ABG
ECG
what are some complications of hypothermia
arrhythmias
pneumonia
coagulopathy
acute renal failure
what is the management of hypothermia ?
cardiac monitoring warm IV 0.9% fluids urinary catheter slowly rewarm - blankets, warm drinks, warmed air
what is the increase of temp aimed for each hour for hypothermia ?
0.5 degree per hour
