Hypothalamus

Question 1

What divides the hypothalamus in medial and lateral zones?

Answer 1

Fornix

Question 2

What are the four regions of the hypothalamus?

Answer 2

Preoptic
Surachiasmatic
Tuberal
Mamillary

Question 3

What is the use of use of the the preoptic region?

Answer 3

Contains eurons that elaborate gonadotropic releasing hormone
Reproduction, eating, locomotion and sexual arousal

Question 4

T/F Medial preoptic nucleus is sexually dimorphic?

Answer 4

TRUE

Large in males than females

Question 5

What is the use of the suprachiasmatic region?

Answer 5

Contains the
supraoptic (ADH)
paraventricular (oxytoxin)
anterior hypothalamic and suprachiasmatic nuclei

Question 6

Supraoptic nucleus

Answer 6

ADH

Question 7

Paraventricular nucleus

Answer 7

oxytoxin

Question 8

Anterior hypothalamic nuclei

Answer 8

Center for thirst mechanism

Question 9

Suprachiasmatic nuclei

Answer 9

sleep-wale cycle

Question 10

Components of the the tuberal region

Answer 10

1. ventromedial hypothalamic
2. dlorsomedial hypothalamic
3. arcuate nuclei

Question 11

ventromedial nucleus

of the tuberal region

Answer 11

SATIETY CENTER

lesions will make you: have a voracious appetite, obese and savage

Question 12

Where is the APPETITE CENTER

Answer 12

Lateral hypothalamus

Question 13

Use of Arcuate nucleus of tuberal region

Answer 13

Stains for ACTH, B-LPH, B-END

major target for leptin

Question 14

Mamillary region includes what two nuclei?

Answer 14

1. mamillary

2. posterior hypothalamic

Question 15

What is the use of the mamillary nuclei

Answer 15

The medial part is the main target of the fornix and source of mamillothalamic tract.

Question 16

What is the use of use of the posterior hypothalamic nucleus?

Answer 16

main source of descending hypothalamic fibers

Question 17

This peptide is exclusively located in the lateral hypothalamic region

Answer 17

Orexin

Question 18

Hormone that inhibits anorexinergic and excited orexinergic arcuate neurons

Answer 18

Hypocretin

Question 19

Describe the urine of patient’s with DI

Answer 19

frequent (polyuria) but lOW specific gravity accompanied by polydipsia without alterations in the glucose content of blood or urine

Question 20

Part of the hypothalamus that resullts to PARASYMPATHETIC ACTIVATION

Answer 20

rostral and medial

preoptic and supraoptic area)

Question 21

Part of the hypothalamus that results to SYMPATHETIC ACTIVATION

Answer 21

posterior

Question 22

part of the hypothalamus for heat dissapation eg sweating

Answer 22

anterior hypothalamus

Question 23

part of the hypothalamus for heat preservation eg shivering

Answer 23

posterior hypothalamus

Question 24

part of the hypothalamus for RAGE reaction

Answer 24

ventromedial hypothalamus

Question 25

part of the hypothalamuis for FLIGHT reaction

Answer 25

lateral hypothalamus

Question 26

part of the hypothalamus that elicits drinking behavior to avoid thirst

Answer 26

anterior | remember ito rin yung for heat dissapation

Question 27

describe the blood supply of the hypothalamus

Answer 27

pre-optic and suprachiasmatic : Acom and ACA tuberal and mamillary : Pcom and PCA

Question 28

What is the treatment for diabetes insipidus?

Answer 28

DDAVP or desmopressin acetate

Question 29

Components of SIADH

Answer 29

*remember, impair hypothalamic osmoreceptors hence elevated ADH release ``` hyponatermia low serum osmolarity normal renal excretion of sodium elevated urine osmolarity absence of volume depletion ```

Question 30

What is the eponym for episodic hypothermia?

Answer 30

Shapiro syndrome

Question 31

Chronic and Episodic hyperthermia localization

Answer 31

Chronic: anterior Episodic:ventromedial hypothalamus

Question 32

Syndrome characterized by emaciation

Answer 32

Russel Syndrome Batten-Russel-Colier Disease localization: anterior hypothalamus tumor

Question 33

Syndrome characterized by obesity, genital hypoplasia, stunted growth

Answer 33

Babinski- Frohlich syndrome localization:ventromedial nucleus

Question 34

Episodic compulsive eating, hypersomnolence, hypersexuality in adolescent males

Answer 34

Kline- Levin Syndrome | similar to the lesions in the medial thalamus