Afifi

Question 1

injury from conduction block

Answer 1

neuropraxia

Question 2

injury from loss of axonal continuity

Answer 2

axonotmesis

Question 3

injury from loss of nerve trunk continuity

Answer 3

neurotmesis

Question 4

All neurons have one axon and one dendrite EXCEPT

Answer 4

1. Amacrine cell of retina

2. Granule cells of olfactory bulb

Question 5

example of unipolar cells

Answer 5

dorsal root ganglion

Question 6

example of bipolar neurons

Answer 6

cochlear and vestibular peripheral and olfactory and retinal receptor cells

Question 7

example of multipolar neurons

Answer 7

autonomic ganglia

Question 8

Structure distinctive in shape and abundant composed of membrane- bound ribonucleoprotein (granular endoplasmic reticulum)

Answer 8

Nissl bodies

Question 9

Nissl bodies are absent where

Answer 9

axonal hillock

Question 10

Neurofilaments. are comprised of 68 to 200 kDA subunits of this structure.

Answer 10

tubulin

Question 11

Resistant proteolipid artifact in myelin

Answer 11

neurokeratin

Question 12

Constitutes a barrier preventing certain substances from entry to axons

Answer 12

perineurium

Question 13

T/F large myelinated fibers conduct nerve impulses FASTER than do small unmyelinated axons

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

connective tisssue sheath contiguous with the dura mater

Answer 14

epineurium

Question 15

separates and enceompasses groups of axons into fascicles of different sizes

Answer 15

perineurium

Question 16

continuous with the pia-arachnoid

Answer 16

perineurium

Question 17

T/F The conduction velocity of axons is directly related to the axon diameter and the thickness of myelin sheath

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

What channels are found clustered in the nodes of Ranvier?

Answer 18

Sodium

Question 19

Aside from the cells that provide myelin, what is the difference between the myelin of the CNS and PNS?

Answer 19

In CNS, the internodal distance and the gap of the node of Ranvier are smaller

Question 20

Ratio of Schwann Cell and oligodendorglia to target neuron?

Answer 20

1: 1 for Scwhann
1: 3-200 got Oligodendroglia

Question 21

protein known to provide the motive force to drive organelles along microtubules

Answer 21

kinesin

Question 22

protein involved in fast retrograge transport

Answer 22

dynein

Question 23

T/F There is no slow retrograde transport component?

Answer 23

TRUE

Question 24

Peptides that simulates the growth of fibroblasts and smooth muscle fibers

Answer 24

Tachykinin

Question 25

Peptide that affects bone mineralization and stimulates the growth of human keratinocytes

Answer 25

VIP

Question 26

Distance between nerve and muscle

Answer 26

50 micrometers

Question 27

Fast or slow adapting receptors? transient and changing stimuli

Answer 27

Fast

Question 28

Fast or slow adapting receptors? sustained stimulus

Answer 28

Slow

Question 29

Type of receptor that has no spontaneous discharge at rest and are mroe sensitive to vertical displacement?

Answer 29

Type I

Question 30

Type of receptor that maintains a more slow regular discharge at rest and are more sensitive to stretch?

Answer 30

Type II

Question 31

Slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptors that are distributed in the germinal layer of the epidermis. Important in Braille reading.

Answer 31

Merkel's corpiscles

Question 32

This means degeneration of a neuron is transmitted to the neuron with which it makes a connection

Answer 32

Transneuronal degeneration

Question 33

What are the four types of nerve growth factors?

Answer 33

1. NTF 2. NPF 3. Matrix-forming precursors 4. Metabolic and other factors

Question 34

Sunderland's Classification Type I

Answer 34

conduction block

Question 35

Sunderland's Classification Type II

Answer 35

preserved (wallerian degeneration is distal to the nerve lesion)

Question 36

Sunderland's Classification Type III

Answer 36

internal fascicular structur is disorganized | endoneural sheath is discontinuous

Question 37

Sunderland's Classification Type IV

Answer 37

fascicular nerve structure is destroyed

Question 38

Sunderland's Classification Type V

Answer 38

complete loss of continuity

Question 39

Property of forming new channels of communication after an injury

Answer 39

neuronal plasticity