Hyposplenism Flashcards

1
Q

what is hyposplenism

A

where the function of the spleen is absent or reduced

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2
Q

summarise the functions of the spleen in the body

A

it fights invading germs in the blood (the spleen contains infection-fighting white blood cells)

it controls the level of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets)

it filters the blood and removes any old or damaged red blood cells

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3
Q

what can be the causes of hyposplenism

A

main causes are sickle cell anaemia and coeliac disease

hepatitis and autoimmune conditions can also cause hyposplenism

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4
Q

how to diagnose hyposplenism

A

do a peripheral blood smear;

you will see an increased platelet count, Howell-jolly bodies, pitted erythrocytes and monocytosis with lymphocytosis

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5
Q

how to manage hyposplenism/ splenectomy

A

vaccinations (Neisseria meningitides, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza)

antibiotic therapy when necessary (prophylaxis)

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