Hypoclycemia Flashcards
What are FIVE (5) NEUROGENIC symptoms of HYPOGLYCEMIA?
- Cold/clammy ❄️😰
- Shaky/ tremors
- Heart Pounding 💓
- Anxious 😟
- Sweaty 😓
What are FOUR (4) NEUROGLYCOPENIC symptoms of HYPOGLYCEMIA?
- Confusion 🤤
- Paralysis
- Seizure
- Coma
These are the WARNING Signs of HYPOGLYCEMIA.
Neurogenic symptoms
These SYMPTOMS occur when BRAIN GLUCOSE is too LOW
Neuroglycopenic
True or False: symptoms of hypoglycemia may present similar to alcohol intoxication.
TRUE, hypoglycemia causes impairment of mental function
At what BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL does INSULIN production DECREASE?
83
At what BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL are COUNTER-REGULATORY HORMONES RELEASED?
66
Patients taking what THREE (3) MEDICATIONS are at RISK for HYPOGLYCEMIA UNAWARESS?
Beta-adrenergic Blockers
- Metoprolol (Lopressor)
- Atenalol (Tenormin)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
True or False: criteria used to categorize hypoglycemia is based on severity rather than blood glucose levels.
TRUE, blood glucose levels at which pts begin to show symptoms varies
What ROLE does EPINEPHRINE play in patients with DM
RAISES ⬆️ BGL by stimulating liver functions
HYPOGLYCEMIC UNAWARENESS most OFTEN OCCURS in what patient?
Type 1 DM for 30 years or longer
What times of the day (4) should BGL be MONITORED?
- Before meals
- Before Meds
- Before bedtime
- When symptomatic
What are TWO (2) KEY FACTORS of CARBOHYDRATE REPLACEMENT?
Start with 15-20g (BGL < 50)
Liquids are more easily absorbed
What types of DRINKS are BEST for CARBOHYDRATE REPLACEMENT?
- 4-6oz Fruit Juice 🍊
- 8oz skim milk 🥛
- 4oz NON-diet soft drink 🍹
HOW SOON should the BGL be RE-CHECKED after treatment of HYPOGLYCEMIA?
15 min
if no change, give 15-20g more carbs
If the BGL is LOWER than 50, the amount of CARBOHYDRATE should be INCREASED by how much?
30 grams
How is HYPOGLYCEMIA TREATED in a patient that is UNABLE to SWALLOW?
1 mg Glucagon IM or SQ
OR
50% Dextrose IV
What REACTION to GLUCAGON should the nurse be mindful of following administration to the patient?
Vomiting 🤢
A nurse is educating a patient about HYPOGLYCEMIA PREVENTION Stratagies, the patient shows understanding by stating what FOUR (4) things?
- Ensure the right type of insulin is administered at the right time
- Proper nutrition and absorption are important (gastric/liver/kidney function)
- Exercise with in 1 hour of insulin injection is contraindicated and BGL should be 80-250
- I should only consume alcohol with or shortly after eating and avoid consumption before bedtime
