DKA Flashcards
What are ELEVEN (11) S&S of DKA?
- Polyuria
- Polydipsia
- Polyphasia
- Weight loss
- Vomiting
- ABD pain
- Dehydration
- Weakness
- Altered mental status
- Shock
- Coma
What is the MOST COMMON precipitating FACTOR for developing DKA?
Infection
DKA results from a combination of _____________ and _____________.
- Insulin deficiency
2. β¬οΈ counterregulatory hormone release
What are FIVE (5) indicators that the patient consistently demonstrates EXPECTED OUTCOME of CONTROLLED BS?
- Maintain BS within target range π‘π
- Adjust insulin doses to match eating patterns π½ and times of illness π€
- Maintains easily digestible liquid diet containing carbs + salt π₯
- Describes correct procedure for urine ketone testing
- Describes when to seek help π¨ from health care provider π©π½ββοΈ
The ONSET of DKA is __________.
Sudden
Precipitating FACTORS of DKA include infection, stress and ____________.
Inadequate insulin dose
What FIVE (5) things are PRIORITY ASSESSMENTS for DKA patient?
- Airway ππ¨
- LOC ππΎββοΈ
- Hydration π§
- Electrolytes
- Blood Glucose Level π‘
True or False: skin turgor can be used to assess hydration status in older adults.
FALSE, d/t loss of elasticity and dryness from aging, skin turgor is an UNRELIABLE sign of dehydration in older adults.
What are the TWO (2) main GOALS of FLUID THERAPY?
- Restore volume
2. Maintain perfusion to the brain ππΎββοΈ, heart β€οΈ and kidneys
What would be your (5) ASSESSMENT findings in a patient wit POOR KIDNEY FUNCTION and EXCESS FLUID volume?
- Edema;
Around the eyes π
In the limbs ππΎπͺπ½π£ - ABD girth
- β¬οΈ BP
- Jugular Distention
- Orthostatic hypostension
What does ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION INDICATE?
Volume depletion
Typical IV INFUSION rates for the FIRST HOUR of FLUID THERAPY start at ____ to ____ mL/kg/hr.
15-20 mL/kg/hr
HYPOTONIC fluids are generally INFUSED at what RATE following the initial fluid bolus?
4-14 mL/kg/hr
When BLOOD GLUCOSE reaches 250 give __________________.
5% dextrose in 0.45% NS
5% DEXTROSE in 0.45% NS prevents ________ and ________.
Cerebral Edema
Hypoglycemia