Hypertensive Drugs

Question 1

Beta-adrenergic blockers all end in ____ (give examples)

Answer 1

-olol. Metoprolol, propranolol, carvedilol.

Question 2

Beta blocker expected actions

Answer 2

Decreased HR, decreased contractility of heart, decreased rate of conduction through the AV node. Reduced release of renin

Question 3

Beta blocker uses

Answer 3

Hypertension, angina, tachydysrhythmias, heart failure, MI.

Question 4

Complications of metoprolol

Answer 4

Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, AV block, orthostatic hypotension

Question 5

Complications of propranolol

Answer 5

Bronchoconstriction. glycogenolysis

Question 6

Contraindications for beta blockers

Answer 6

Pregnancy, lactation, AV block, sinus bradycardia, diabetes, depression, older adults.

Question 7

Specific facts about carvedilol compared to other beta blockers

Answer 7

Works on both heart and lungs and increased vasodilation

Question 8

Centrally acting alpha2 agonist prototype drug

Answer 8

Clonidine

Question 9

Clonidine uses

Answer 9

Hypertension, cancer pain, ADHD, migraines, Tourette’s, alcohol and drug withdrawal.

Question 10

Clonidine complications

Answer 10

Drowsiness and sedation, dry mouth and rebound hypertension

Question 11

Important info for clonidine

Answer 11

DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY

Question 12

What does clonidine do?

Answer 12

Stimulates alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the brain. Decreases BP. Given as oral or a topical patch

Question 13

ACE inhibitors prototype drug

Answer 13

Captopril (all end in -pril)

Question 14

Expected pharmacological action of Captopril

Answer 14

Vasodilation of the arteriole, excretion of sodium and water and retention of potassium in the kidneys

Question 15

Captopril uses

Answer 15

Prevention of ventricular remodeling after MI, reduce the risk of HF after MI. Diabetic and nondiabetic nephropathy.

Question 16

Captopril complications

Answer 16

First dose orthostatic hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, rash, dysgeusia, angioedema, neutropenia

Question 17

Captopril contraindications

Answer 17

Pregnancy, lactation, angioedema history, clients with one kidney

Question 18

Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers (ARBs) prototype drug

Answer 18

Losartan (all end in -sartan)

Question 19

Pharmacological action of Losartan

Answer 19

Block effects of angiotensin II, vasodilation of arterioles and veins, excretion of sodium and water

Question 20

Losartan uses

Answer 20

Hypertension, heart failure, stroke prevention, reduce mortality after MI

Question 21

Complications of Losartan

Answer 21

Angioedema, fetal injury, hypotension

Question 22

Nursing administration of Losartan

Answer 22

Given orally with or without food, can be combined with diuretic, heart failure patients need daily weight and edema checks

Question 23

Calcium channel blockers prototype drugs

Answer 23

-pine (Nifedipine), verapamil and diltiazem

Question 24

Calcium channel blocker uses`

Answer 24

Hypertension and angina

Question 25

Calcium channel blockers pharmacological action

Answer 25

Causes smooth muscle relaxation by blocking the binding of calcium to its receptors preventing muscle contraction

Question 26

Complications of CCBs

Answer 26

Tachycardia, toxicity, orthostatic hypotension, peripheral edema

Question 27

Nursing administration for CCBs

Answer 27

Give slowly IV (2-3 mins)