Coagulation Modifier Drugs/Drugs affecting Coagulation

Question 1

Heparin class

Answer 1

Heparins

Question 2

Heparin use

Answer 2

Prompt anticoagulant (PE, stroke), DVT prophylaxis. Prevents clot formation

Question 3

Heparin antidote

Answer 3

PROTAMINE

Question 4

Protamine important information

Answer 4

Give slow, no faster than 20mg/min or 50mg/10min

Question 5

Heparin nursing implications

Answer 5

Monitor vitals, observe for bleeding, increased HR, decreased BP, bruising, black tarry stool, aPTT (bleeding time)

Question 6

Heparin adverse effect

Answer 6

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Question 7

Warfarin drug class

Answer 7

Vitamin K inhibitor

Question 8

Warfarin use

Answer 8

Prevents venous thrombosis and PE

Question 9

Warfarin complications

Answer 9

Hemorrhage, hepatitis, toxicity. PURPLE TOES SYNDROME

Question 10

Warfarin important info

Answer 10

KEEP CONSISTENT LEVEL OF VITAMIN K

Question 11

What to monitor when giving warfarin

Answer 11

PT and INR levels. Continue heparin until warfarin dose is therapeutic (3-5 days).

Question 12

NEVER GIVE ____ AND ____ TOGETHER

Answer 12

HEPARIN AND LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN (LOVENOX)

Question 13

Low molecular weight heparin prototype drug

Answer 13

Lovenox

Question 14

Lovenox use

Answer 14

DVT prophylaxis. Treatment of PE and DVT. Angina and MI

Question 15

Antidote for Lovenox

Answer 15

Protamine

Question 16

Activated factor Xa inhibitor prototype drug

Answer 16

Fondaparinux

Question 17

Fondaparinux use

Answer 17

Prevents DVT and PE

Question 18

Fondaparinux contraindication (2)

Answer 18

Cannot be used on patients with an epidural due to increased risk of spinal hematoma. Aspirin

Question 19

Client education for Fondaparinux

Answer 19

Observe for bleeding, same symptoms as heparin

Question 20

What to monitor when giving fondaparinux

Answer 20

Monitor platelet counts

Question 21

Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prototype drug

Answer 21

Rivaroxaban

Question 22

Uses for rivaroxaban

Answer 22

Atrial fibrillation, prevents/treats DVT and PE

Question 23

Rivaroxaban complications

Answer 23

Bleeding, elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT)

Question 24

Important information for Rivaroxaban

Answer 24

DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY

Question 25

What to monitor for in Rivaroxaban

Answer 25

Hemoglobin, hematocrit, liver/kidney function

Question 26

Direct thrombin inhibitor prototype drug

Answer 26

Dabigatran

Question 27

Dabigatran uses

Answer 27

DVT and given orally for atrial fibrillation

Question 28

Dabigatran complications

Answer 28

Increased bleeding, GI effects, back pain, nausea, hypotension, headache

Question 29

Antiplatelet 3 prototype drugs

Answer 29

Clopidogrel, Aspirin, Dipyridamole

Question 30

Clopidogrel uses

Answer 30

Reduce risk of stroke, prevent transient ischemic attack, reduce thrombosis after MI.

Question 31

Clopidogrel complications

Answer 31

Prolonged bleeding time, gastric bleed, thrombocytopenia

Question 32

Aspirin use

Answer 32

Stroke and MI prevention, most common dose is 81mg, given with other antiplatelet drugs.

Question 33

Aspirin mechanism of action

Answer 33

Prevents vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation

Question 34

Aspirin contraindications

Answer 34

Children with flu-like symptoms, pregnant/lactating women, vitamin K deficiency

Question 35

Aspirin complications

Answer 35

Coffee-ground emesis, nausea, tinnitus