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Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) > Hypertension MEDS ONLY > Flashcards

Hypertension MEDS ONLY Flashcards

1
Q

Which two of the “big four” classes cannot be given to pregnant women

A

ACE, ARB

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2
Q

Direct Renin Inhibitors MOA

A

inhibit enzyme activity of renin, reducing angiotensin I, II and aldosterone

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3
Q

Which class of diuretic should NOT be combined with ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or Direct Renin Inhibitors

A

Potassium Sparing —> Triamterene (Dyrenium)

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4
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia) is what type of HTN med

A

non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

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5
Q

If someone has diabetes, CKD, heart failure, or is post MI, what class of HTN meds should be considered?

A

ACE Inhibitors

Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Quinipril (Accupril)
Enalapril (Vasotec)

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6
Q

ACE inhibitors: HYPER or HYPOkalemia?

A

hyperkalemia

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7
Q

I know a med is a beta blocker because it ends in “-____”

A

“-olol”

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8
Q

Veramipil (Calan) is what type of HTN med

A

non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker

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9
Q

Prazosin (Minipress) is what type of HTN med

A

Alpha Blocker

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10
Q

I know a med is a dihydropyridine type calcium channel blocker because it ends in “-____”

A

“-dipine”

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11
Q

Direct Renin Inhibitors: HYPER or HYPOkalemia?

A

Hyperkalemia

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12
Q

ARB: HYPER or HYPOkalemia?

A

hyperkalemia

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13
Q

Other than pregnancy, what are the other two contraindications for BOTH ACE inhibitors AND ARBs

A

angioedema

renal artery stenosis

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14
Q

If your patient has CKD, which med should you start with?

A

ACE inhibitor

ARB

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15
Q

Furosemide (Lasix) is what kid of HTN med

A

Loop-Type Diuretic

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16
Q

Prazosin (Minipress) is what type of HTN med

A

Alpha Blocker

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17
Q

What is the MOA of ACE inhibitors

A

inhibitis RAAS

stimulates Bradykinin

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18
Q

Which HTN med has the side effect of hemolytic anemia

A

Methyldopa

Central Alpha Agonist

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19
Q

I know a med is an Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) because it ends in “-____”

A

“-sartan”

Losartan
Valsartan
Olmesartan
Telmisartan
Candesartan
Irbesartan
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20
Q

Beta Blocker MOA

A

blocks the activity of catecholamines and B adrenoreceptors decreased cardiac output, decreased PVR, decreased renin activity

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21
Q

Calcium Channel channel Blocker MOA

A

inhibits Ca2+ influx into arterial smooth muscle, which decreases vascular resistance

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22
Q

Which type of Diuretic has the side effect of gynecomastia

A

Aldosterone Antagonists —> Spironolactone (Aldactone)

23
Q

Central Alpha Agonist MOA

A

stimulates a2 adrenergic receptors in the brain which reduces CNS sympathetic output

24
Q

Which HTN med class should never be given as monotherapy

A

alpha blockers

Doxazosin (Cardura)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Prazosin (Minipress)

25
Q

What are the contraindications for calcium channel blockers?

A

cardiac dysfunction

arrhythmias, heart blocks, sick sinus syndrome, left ventricular dysfunction

26
Q

Which two Diuretic classes cause HYPOkalemia?

Which two Diuretic classes cause HYPERkalemia?

A

HYPO =
Thiazide type Diuretics –> HCTZ
Loop Type Diuretics –> Furosemide (Lasix)
HYPER =
Potassium-Sparing –> Triamterene (Dyrenium)
Aldosterone Agonists -> Spironolactone (Aldactone)

27
Q

Which class of HTN med is good for BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)

A

Alpha Blockers

Doxazosin (Cardura)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Prazosin (Minipress)

28
Q

Which HTN med has side effects of Bradycardia, peripheral edema, constipation, dizziness, and nausea

A

Calcium channel blockers

29
Q

Which two meds of the “big 4” can you never give together

A

ACE inhibitor and ARB

30
Q

What is the main major contraindication for dihydropyridine (“-dipine” ) meds?

31
Q

A patient comes in complaining of a dry cough that happens in fits. You look at their list of meds and go “oh well that makes sense”. What class of HTN med did you see?

A

ACE Inhibitors

Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Quinipril (Accupril)
Enalapril (Vasotec)

32
Q

What is the MOA of Diuretics

A

inhibits sodium reabsorption in the nephron, reduces plasma volume (water follows salt)

33
Q

Which class of HTN meds are especially effective in the black population

A

calcium channel blockers

34
Q

Aliskiren (Tekturna) is what type of HTN med

A

Direct Renin Inhibitors

35
Q

What type of people cannot take Direct Renin Inhibitors ?

A

Diabetics
Pregnant People
People who are also on ACE inhibitors or ARBs

36
Q

Which class of HTN meds would you NOT give to someone with asthma? Why?

A

Beta blockers “-olol”

side effect = bronchospasm

37
Q

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) MOA

A

inhibits RAAS

38
Q

If your patient is black, which med should you start with?

A

Thiazide-type diuretics

Calcium channel blockers

39
Q

I know a drug is an ACE inhibitor because it has the ending “-______”

A

“-pril”

Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Quinipril (Accupril)
Enalapril (Vasotec)

40
Q

Which HTN med class has the side effect or orthostatic hypotension

A

alpha blockers

Doxazosin (Cardura)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Prazosin (Minipress)

(and colnidine (catapres), a central alpha agonist)

41
Q

Which HTN med has the side effects of depression, headaches, sexual dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension, and bradyarrhythmia

A

Clonidine (Catapres)

Central Alpha Agonist

42
Q

Which Central Alpha Agonist is good for pregnant women

A

Methyldopa

43
Q

Alpha blockers MOA

A

targets a1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle, decreases vascular resistance

44
Q

Which type of calcium channel blockers work as cardiac depressants

A

non-dihydropyridine

Veramipil (Calan)
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia)

45
Q

Clonidine (Catapres) is what type of HTN med?

A

Central Alpha Agonist

46
Q

Which type of calcium channel blockers work as vasodilators

A

dihydropyridine

“-dipine”

47
Q

Which HTN meds have the side effect of renal impairment and hypersensitivity

A

Direct Renin Inhibitors –> Aliskiren (Tekturna)

48
Q

Terazosin (Hytrin) is what type of HTN med

A

Alpha Blocker

49
Q

Which two non-big 4 med classes are specifically good for women who are pregnant

A
  1. beta blockers

2. central alpha agonists

50
Q

Which diuretics have the side effect of erectile dysfunction

A

Thyazide-type Diuretics –> HCTZ

51
Q

Which two HTN meds can you never stop abruptly

A
  1. beta blockers

2. central alpha agonists

52
Q

Which two HTN medications are contraindicated for people with SULFA drug hypersensitivities

A

Thiazide type Diuretics –> HCTZ

Loop Type Diuretics –> Furosemide (Lasix)

53
Q

Which HTN med has a side effect of hyperuricemia (gout)

A

Thyazide-Type Diuretic

Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) (10 decks)

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