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Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) > Diagnostics In Cardiology > Flashcards

Diagnostics In Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

With a Holter monitor, patients keep a symptom diary and it is compared to their data. How often do these match up?

A

Very rare. Patients are mostly asymptomatic during recording peroid.

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2
Q

Which test is described as subcutaneous monitoring device

A

Implantable loop recorder

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5
Q

I want to evaluate my patient for septal defect or a patent foramen ovale. What test should I order?

A

Transesophageal Echocardiogram TEE

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6
Q

My patient might have myocarditis. What test should I order?

A

YOU shouldn’t order anything. The cardiologist will order an MRI

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8
Q

What are the cardiac enzymes that can be tested. which one is used the most often

A

CK (creatine kinase)
CK-MB
Troponin (used most often)

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9
Q

Which diagnostic exam is continuous ECG monitoring on a video screen

A

Telemetry

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10
Q

Why is a CT scan not that useful in cardiac diagnostic

A

Motion of the heart

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12
Q

What test should be done post-resuscitation from a cardiac arrest

A

Catheterization/angioplasty

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13
Q

You want to give your patient Dobutamine for a stress test, but they have ___________ so you cannot.

A

AFib

LBBB

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15
Q

My patient has unstable angina, what test should I order

A

Catheterization/Angioplasty

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17
Q

What are the risks associated with catheterization/angioplasty

A

Bleeding
Arrhythmia
Vessel injury
Post-procedure bleeding

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20
Q

I want to determine the chamber size of my patient. What test should I order?

A

Transthoracic Echocardiogram TTE

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22
Q

I want to evaluate my patient for ascending aortic atherosclerosis. What test should I order?

A

Transesophageal Echocardiogram TEE

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23
Q

Which test is an ultrasound directed AT the heart

A

Transthoracic Echocardiogram

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26
Q

What device is used to detect the tracer in a nuclear medicine imaging stress test

A

Gamma ray detection camera

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27
Q

Which diagnostic test is the gold standard for CAD

A

Cardiac catheterization/ angiogram

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28
Q

Which test should I order to monitor ST segment abnormalities

A

Holter Monitor

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30
Q

With an event recorder, the patient must activate themselves when they are symptomatic. What time frame does the recorder capture

A

Previous 2-5 min + next few min

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31
Q

Does my patient have endocarditis? Not sure, so I’ll order this test:

A

Transesophageal echocardiogram TEE

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33
Q

I want to evaluate my patient for myocardial motion. What test should I order?

A

Transesophageal Echocardiogram TEE

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34
Q

When is the peak of cardiac enzymes

A

18-24 hours

35
Q

What type of patient would get an implantable loop recorder

A

Infrequent symptoms

Syspected arrhythmia + non-invasive tests were negative

36
Q

In catherterization/Angiogram, dye is injected into the groin arm or neck, and patetncy is viewed via

A

Fluoroscopy

38
Q

What is the difference in deteching ischemia between an exercise ECG stress test and nuclear medicine imaging stress test

A

Nuclear medicine imaging can detect the specific areas of ischemia, location/size of the injured muscle, and narrowing arteries whereas exercise ECG cannot

39
Q

I suspect valvular pathologies on my patient. Which tests could confirm this

A

Transesophageal Echocardiogram TEE

Transthoracic Echocardiogram TTE

40
Q

What type of ischemia would you be testing for if you ordered an echocardiogram stress test

A

Ischemia related to development of wall motion abnormality with stress

42
Q

I had my patient do a stress test, and they experienced angina. What do I do now?

A

Catheterization/Angioplasty

43
Q

Which diagnostic test is described as ambulatory ECG

A

Holter monitor

44
Q

I’m thinking my patient has an aortic dissection. What tests could confirm this?

A

Transesophageal Echocardiogram TEE
CT scan
MRI

47
Q

How does a stress test work

A

Increase myocardial oxygen demand to reveal hypoperfusion in diseased coronary arteries.

Compare to resting

48
Q

What is a CT scan useful for

A

Thoracic aorta
Pericardium
Aortic dissection
Coronary artery calcium deposits

49
Q

What is the difference between a Holter monitor and Event Recorder

A

Holter monitor = continuous 24-48 hours

Event recorder = needs activation from patient, 30-60 days

50
Q

What can be used for pharmacologic stress if exercise is not possible

A

Adenosine
Dipyridamole
Dobutamine

52
Q

An MRI can evaluate myocardial perfusion with a __________ contrast during ___________ stress

A

Gadolinium

Adenosine

53
Q

What test should be done before valve surgery if they have chest pain or ECG changes

A

Catheterization/Angioplasty

55
Q

I want to evaluate the valve function and structure of my patient. What test should I order?

A

Transthoracic Echocardiogram TTE

58
Q

Which is the least expensive cardiac diagnostic test

A

ECG

59
Q

My patient has a history of MI and current ECG changes. What do I do now?

A

Catheterization/Angioplasty

60
Q

Holter monitor is best at detecting:

A

Syncope
Palpatations
Heart rate variability
ST segment

63
Q

I want to calculate my patients ejection fraction. What test should I order?

A

Transthoracic Echocardiogram TTE

64
Q

I want to evaluate the diastolic function of my patient. What test should I order?

A

Transthoracic Echocardiogram TTE

65
Q

How long can creatine kinase (CK) and CK=-MB be detectable in the blood after a cardiac event

A

36-48 hours

69
Q

I want to evaluate my patients wall motion after they had an MI. What test should I order?

A

Transthoracic Echocardiogram TTE

72
Q

Which diagnostic test is a smaller ultrasound probe down the esophagus behind the heart

A

Transesophageal echocardiogram

74
Q

How long can troponin be detected in the blood after a cardiac event

A

Up to 10 days

77
Q

Which test is usually done FIRST

A

ECG

80
Q

High sensitivity troponin can detect levels as low as

A

5 ng/dL

82
Q

What is injected for a nuclear medicine imaging stress test

A

Thalium 201 or Technetium-99m

83
Q

When performing an exercise stress test, what are you looking for?

A

ECG changes
Increased heart rate
Symptom development

88
Q

When is ECG done as a solitary assessment

A

Almost NEVER

94
Q

When is the onset of cardiac enzymes

A

3-12 hours

Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) (10 decks)

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