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Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) > Cardiomyopathies > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathies Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main etiology of restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

amyloidosis

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2
Q

What other heart disease presents exactly the same as dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Systolic heart failure

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3
Q

What is the gold standard for diagnosis of infectious dilated cardiomyopathy

A

endomyocardial biopsy

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4
Q

What are the two types of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A
  1. obstructive

2. non-obstructive

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5
Q

Which cardiovascular disease DO NOT cause dilated cardiomyopathy

A
  1. CAD
  2. valvular disease
  3. hypertension
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6
Q

Stress cardiomyopathy AKA

A

takotsubo cardiomyopathy
apical ballooning syndrome
broken heart syndrome

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7
Q

does the harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy become louder or softer with valslva and standing

A

increases

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8
Q

What is the treatment of choice for dilated cardiomyopathy

A

take away offending agent

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9
Q

Would you want to do a stress test with someone who has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

yes

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10
Q

What is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young persons

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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11
Q

What other heart disease can restrictive cardiomyopathy resemble?

A

constrictive pericarditits

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12
Q

What type of dysfunction is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

diastolic

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13
Q

What are non-medication treatment options for dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

implanted cardioverter defibrillator

cardiac transplantation

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14
Q

What does Stress cardiomyopathy look like on EKG?

A

ST segment elevation, deep anterior T wave inversion

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15
Q

What is the first line treatment for restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

treat underlying cause + low-dose loop diuretics

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16
Q

Which illicit drug is related to dilated cardiomyopathy

A

cocaine

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17
Q

What is the most common cause of infectious dilated cardiomyopathy (which is myocarditis secondary to infectious cause)

A

viral

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18
Q

What is the most definitive (but not always definitive) diagnostic test for dilated cardiomyopathy

A

echo

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19
Q

What is the most common etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

idiopathic

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20
Q

What does Stress cardiomyopathy look like on an echo?

A

decreased ejection fraction

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21
Q

What other heart disease does Stress cardiomyopathy present like?

A

acute coronary syndrome (like an MI)

22
Q

In restrictive cardiomyopathy, what sided heart failure does the sxs usually resemble

A

right

edema, JVD, ascities

23
Q

What is the definitive diagnostic test for cardiac amyloidosis (*restrictive cardiomyopathy )

What is another pretty good diagnostic test you should do but isn’t definitive

A

endomyocardial biopsy

echo— normal ejection fraction, abnormal filling

24
Q

What is the difference in troponin levels between Stress cardiomyopathy and acute coronary syndrome (like an MI)

A

present, but much lower than an MI

25
Q

What type of dysfuntion is dilated cardiomyopathy

A

systolic dysfunction

26
Q

What type of dysfunction is restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

diastolic dysfunction

27
Q

scarring and consequent loss of the normal elasticity of the pericardial sac leading to impaired ventricular filling is which cardiomyopathy

A

restrictive cardiomyopathy

28
Q

Which is the least common cardiomyopathy

A

restrictive cardiomyopathy

29
Q

transient LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction in the ansence of attributable coronary artery disease:

A

Stress cardiomyopathy

30
Q

What is the most common type of cardiomyopathy

A

dilated

31
Q

What is the drug of choice for dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

ACE inhibitor

32
Q

Which heart sound (sound not a murmur) can be heard with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

S4

33
Q

What can you hear when auscultating the heart with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur

34
Q

What kind of murmur can be heard with dilated cardiomyopathy

A

mitral/tricuspid regurgitation murmur

35
Q

What is the mainstay diagnostic exam for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

echo

36
Q

You see a patient with periorbital purpura with heart failrue. What do you know

A

The patient has cardiac amyloidosis because periorbital purpura with heart failure is pathognomonic

*restrictive cardiomyopathy

37
Q

What treatment is available for a patient that has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and is at high risk for sudden cardiac death or has sustained ventricular tachyarrythmias

A

implanted cardioverter defibrillator

38
Q

When is surgery for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy indicated?

A

symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOT) with advanced CHF refractory to medical therapy

39
Q

does the harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy become louder or softer with squatting and isometric handgrip

A

dereases

40
Q

what medication can be used for a lot of cardiomyopathies but is contraindicated in amyloid restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

calcium channel blockers

41
Q

Which is the only cardiomyopathy to have an abrupt onset

A

Stress cardiomyopathy

42
Q

What other medication can be used if beta blockers are not working for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers

43
Q

What is the first line treatment for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

beta blockers

44
Q

What is the treatment for Stress cardiomyopathy

A

send to cath lab, no blockage will be found
Asprin, beta blockers, ACE-I until LV recovery
if there is a thrombus, add warfarin for 3 months

45
Q

Which chemotherapy drugs can cause chemo-therapy induced dilated cardiomyopathy

A

anthracyclines: adriamycin (Doxarubicin)

46
Q

What is Kussmauls sign

A

increase in JVP with inspiration (jugular venous pressure)

restrictive cardiomyopathy

47
Q

Which cardiomyopathy is associated with right and left atrial enlargement

A

restrictive cardiomyopathy

48
Q

What storage diseases can lead to restrictive cardiomyopathy

A

hemochromatosis

glycogen storage disease

49
Q

ACE inhibitors are the first line medication for dilated cardiomyopathy, what are other options?

A
  1. diuretics
  2. beta blockers
  3. digooxin
  4. amiodarone if afib
  5. anticoagulation
50
Q

Which murmur is possible to hear with restrictive cardiomyopathy but not always

A

mitral regurgitation/ tricuspid regurgitation murmur

51
Q

What is the main etiology for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

familial

Clin Med Exam 1 (Shelby) (10 decks)

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