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PCF Exam 3 > Hypertension medication > Flashcards

Hypertension medication Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-HTN medications - RAAS inhibition

A
  • Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs)
  • Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
  • Diuretics (Loop diuretics, Thiazide-type diuretics, Potassium-sparing diuretics, - - —- Potassium-sparing/selective aldosterone blocker)
  • Direct Renin Inhibitor (DRI)
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2
Q

Anti-HTN Medications - Sympathetic NS

A
  • Alpha-Blocker
  • Beta-Blocker
  • Calcium Channel Blockers: dihydropyridines and non-dihydropyridines
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3
Q

ACE inhibitors mechanism of action

A

inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme, interfering w/ conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

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4
Q

Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker (ARB) Mechanism of action

A

selectively antagonizes angiotensin II AT1 receptors

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5
Q

Thiazide Diuretics Mechanism of action

A

Inhibits distal convoluted tubule sodium and chloride resorption

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6
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics mechanism of action

A

inhibits Na reabsorption at the distal convoluted tubule, decreasing water reabsorption and increasing K retention

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7
Q

Loop diuretics mechanism of action

A

inhibits loop of Henle and proximal and distal convoluted tubule sodium and chloride resorption

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8
Q

Beta-blockers, cardio selective - mechanism of action

A

Selectively antagonizes beta-1 adrenergic receptors

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9
Q

Beta-blockers, non-selective - mechanism of action

A

selectively antagonizes alpha-1 adrenergic receptors; antagonizes beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors (selective alpha and non-selective beta blocker)

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10
Q

Vasodilators mechanism of action

A

directly dilates peripheral vessels

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11
Q

Calcium channel blockers - DHP, mechanism of action

A

inhibits calcium ion influx into vascular smooth muscle and myocardium

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12
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers -NDP, mechanism of action

A

inhibits calcium ion influx into vascular smooth muscle and myocardium (class IV antiarrhythmic)

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13
Q

Alpha-2 agonists mechanism of action

A

stimulates alpha-2 adrenergic receptors (centrally-acting antihypertensive)

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14
Q

Alpha-1 blocker mechanism of action

A

antagonizes peripheral alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

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15
Q

Principles of anti-HTN management

A
  1. Measure - What you don’t measure you can’t improve
  2. Use guidelines, but personalize
  3. Educate, educate, educate
  4. Lifestyle always
  5. Follow-up, follow-up, follow-up
  6. “Normal” = 1 yr, recheck
  7. “On the radar” = consider 2 week recheck, 3 months follow-up
  8. “Started meds” = 1 month - why? Follow til therapeutic, then extend. Consider 3 months, then 1 year
  9. Meds are predicated on co-morbidities or desired side effects
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16
Q

Which medication requires an Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist?

A

Potassium sparing diuretics
Spiranolactone is popular - to augment against the potassium retention of this drug

PCF Exam 3 (7 decks)

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