hypertension Flashcards
classification of antihypertensive drugs by MOA
- neurotropic agents
- myotropic vasodilators
- calcium channel blockers
- potassium channel blockers
- drugs affecting renin-angiotensin-aldesterone system
- drugs regulating salt water metabolism
Name the centrally acting neurotropic agents that are listed and their drugs
- sedatives => bromides, Magnesium sulfate
- ## tranquilizers => Diazepamhypnotic => phenobarbital
- Central a2 adrenoreceptors => Clonidine, methyldopa
Name the peripherally acting neurotropic agents that are listed
- ganglion blockers => Hexamethonium/benzohexonium, trepirium iodide/hygronium, Azemethonium bromide/pentamine
- sympatholytics => guanethidine/Octadine, reserpine, raunatin
- a1 blockers => Prazosin, doxazosin/cardura, terazosin
- b blockers => Propranolol/Anaprilin/Inderal, Atenolol, Metoprolol, Talinolol
- a & b blockers => Labetalol, carvedilol
Name the myotropic vasodilating neurotropic agents that are listed
- Papaverine hydrochloride
- Drotaverine(no-spa)
- Bendazol
- Hydralazine/apressin
- Sodium nitroprusside
- Pentoxifylline/trental
- Magnesium sulfate
Name the calcium channel blocker neurotropics that are listed
- Verapamil/Isoptin
- Nifedipine(Adalat, Phenylhydine, Corinfar)
- Amlodipine/Norvasc
- Diltiazem
Name the potassium channel opener neurotropics that are listed
- Minoxidil
- Nicorandil
Name ACE inhibitor & angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist
- Captopril/capoten
- Enalapril
- Lisinopril
. Losartan
Name salt metabolism regulating neurotropic drugs that are listed(Diuretics)
- Furosemide/Lasix
- Hydrochlorothiazide
- Clopamide
- Spironolactone/verospiron
- Indapamide/Arifon
Name the classifications of hypertensive drugs by clinical use
- Main group = first line drugs
- Additional groups = second line drugs
Name the first line hypertensive drugs
- Diuretics
- beta blockers
- ACE inhibitors
- calcium channel blockers
- a1-blockers
- angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists
Name the second line hypertensive drugs
- central a2 adrenergic agonists
- symphatolytics
- peripheral vasodilators
How to treat hypertensive crisis
- Magnesium sulfate
- Furosemide/Lasix
- Clonidine/Clophelin
- Azamethonium bromide/pentamine
- Chlorpromazine/aminazine
Name the classification of hypertensive drugs by MOA
1) drugs stimulating vasomotor centre
>caffeine, cordiamin
2) drugs stimulating CNS and cardiovascular system
3) drugs with peripheral vasoconstrictive and cardiotonic effects
Name the drugs with peripheral vasoconstrictive and cardiotonic effect
- stimulants of a and b adrenergic receptors, dopamine iin blood vessels and heart
> epinephrine, ephedrine, dopamine - a adrenergic stimulants
>norepinephrine
>phenylephrine/mesatone - hormones
>vasopressin/anti diuretic hormone
>prednisoone - cardiotonic drugs
>strophanthin
>corglycon
>dobutamine
Name the listed cholesterol absorption inhibitors
- cholestyramine
- polysponin
What are cholesterol absorption inhibitors?
- a class of compounds that prevents the uptake of cholesterol from the small intestine into the circulatory system
What are cholesterol synthesis imhibitors?
- a class of lipid-lowering medications that reduce illness and mortality in those who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease
Name the listed cholesterol synthesis inhibitors
- Lovastatin
- Simvastatin
- Fluvastatin
- Probucol
triglyceride reducing drugs
- fibrates => fenofibrates
> nicotinic acid
What is nicotinic acid?
- water-soluble vitamin, but an anti-atherosclerotic action is not due to vitamin activity
- is taken orally in higher doses (3,0 per day)
- inhibits lipolysis in fat tissue and hepatic triglyceride esterification;
- promotes the activity of lipoprotein lipase
- reduces VLDL and triglycerides levels;
- elevates the level of HDL;
- inhibits platelet aggregation,
- increases fibrinolysis, and dilates blood vessels
- is used in atherosclerosis with hyperlipidemia, especially of V type may cause a flush-syndrome, peptic ulcer of the stomach, hepatic lesions, glucose intolerance, hyperuricemia.
Name antioxidant classes and their drugs
- direct
>tocopheryl acetate
>ascorbic acid - indirect
>methionine
>glutamic acid
