Hypertension Flashcards
What are the ischemic HD Major Risk Factors
DM Smoking HTN Hypercholestrolemia FHx Age>45 M Age>55 F HDL <40 Chronic Renal Failure-CRF
1st Line ANTI HTN if NO Comorbid Dz
Thiazide
1st Line ANTI HTN DM
ACE or ARB- proven to dec vascular and renal dz
1st Line ANTI HTN CHF
ACE inhib, ARB, B-blocker, K sparing diuretic
ALL PROVEN TO DECREASE MORTALITY
1st Line ANTI HTN MI
Bblocker and Ace Inhib
Proven to DECREASE MORTALITY
1st Line ANTI HTN Osteoporosis
Thiazide Diuretics- Decrease Ca excretion
1st Line ANTI HTN Prostatic
Alpha blockers to treat GTN and BPH concurrently
1st Line ANTI HTN Pregnancy
Alpha-methyldopa
When do I use dihydropyridines Ca-Blockers- Amlodipine
2nd Line for Essential HTN and HF
1st Line for Coronary Vasospasm- Prinzmetals angina
AVOID SHORT ACTING DIHYDROPYRIDINES during Ischemia- Mortality
Diltiazem/Verampamil
First line for rate control of Afib and Aflutter
also can use a B-Blocker for Afib/Aflutter
Hydralazine Combined with Isordil
Second line for CHF it will Increase mortality just not as much as ACE Inhib
Minoxidil
Only for severe refractory HTN
Must combine w BB to prevent reflex tach & diuretic to counteract edema results bc of aggressive arteriolar vasodilation
MAJOR SIDE EFFECTS IS HAIR GROWTH
CLONIDINE
REFRACTORY HTN ONLY- PARTICULARLY in RF or pts withdrawing from illicit substances
Major SI- CNS depression Fatigue, Dry mouth
IMPT Contraindications of BB
COPD- Causes bronchospasm
IMPT Contraindications of ACE Inhiitors
Pregnancy Teratogenic
RAS=bc Precip of Acute RF- GFR dependent on Angiotensin-mediated constriction of Efferent arteriole
RF- Cr>1.5 bc hyperkalemia morbidity
