Hypertension Flashcards
define hypertensive emergency
increased BP with organ dysfunction
what would a CXR (chest radiography) evaluate?
CHF/pulm edema, cardiomegaly, or widened mediastinum
what would be indicators of organ dysfunction from a urine dip/UA?
proteinuria, red cells/casts
what does a funduscopic exam look for?
papilledema or hemorrhages
which BP drug is used in pregnancy?
labetalol
when can we not use labetalol for a hypertensive emergency?
patient in acute HF, decomp. HF
what is the benefit of esmolol?
it has a very short half-life, so you can adjust dosing easier based on patient’s condition
if a patient is experiencing severe chest pain and back pain, what can this indicate and which drug works best to treat it?
aortic dissection, use esmolol
if pt is experiencing a thyroid storm (severe hypertensive and hyperthyroid), what drug is used to treat it?
esmolol or propranolol
if patient is experiencing an aortic dissection, you want to reduce the BP down to _______ within _______
120, 20 min to an hour
nitroprusside should be used with caution if patient has?
high intracranial pressure, MI, or AKI
when is nicardipine contraindicated to treat hypertensive emergency?
pt has acute HF
nicardipine should be used with caution if pt has?
coronary ischemia, aortic stenosis
A patient put on a BP lowering agent experiences inflammation at the injection site of the drug. Which drug may have caused this?
a. Nitroprusside
b. Esmolol
c. Labetalol
d. Nicardipine
e. Nifedipine
d
Nitroglycerin is useful for coronary ischemia (heart attack), but is NOT preferred in ____________
hypertensive emergencies
