Hypertension

Question 1

Normal blood pressure is defined as…

Answer 1

BP = 120/80 mmHg

Question 2

Essential hypertension accounts for …% of hypertension

Answer 2

Essential hypertension accounts for 95% of hypertension

Question 3

What are causes of secondary hypertension?

Answer 3

• Renal artery stenosis
• Pregnancy
• Endocrine (Conn’s syndrome = hyperaldosteronism)

Question 4

What are the cut-off values for diagnosis of hypertension in the following:

• Clinic reading
• ABPM
• Home reading

Answer 4

• Clinic: > 140/90 mmHg

- ABPM and home: > 135/85 mmHg

Question 5

What is the treatment algorithm for managing hypertension in adults:

• Aged <55 years and non-black
• With diabetes
• Aged >55 years or black

Answer 5

Aged <55 years and non-black:

1) ACEi (swap for ARB if ACEi not tolerated)
2) ACEi + CCB
3) ACEi + CCB + thiazide-like diuretic

Aged >55 years or black:

1) CCB
2) CCB + ACEi (swap for ARB if ACEi not tolerated; use ARB instead if black)
3) CCB + ACEi + thiazide-like diuretic

Question 6

What are the hypertension treatment targets in the following groups:

a) Aged < 80 years
b) Aged > 80 years

Answer 6

a) < 140/90 mmHg

b) < 150/90 mmHg

Question 7

What is the first-line treatment for hypertension in women of child-bearing potential?

Answer 7

CCB

Question 8

What is the first line treatment for hypertension in black diabetic patients

Answer 8

CCB and ACEi

Question 9

ACE inhibitors are the most common cause of drug-induced…

Answer 9

ACE inhibitors are the most common cause of drug-induced angioedema