Acute LVF and pulmonary oedema

Question 1

What are the causes of acute LVF (and pulmonary oedema)?

Answer 1

• Iatrogenic (too much IV fluid)
• Sepsis
• MI
• Arrhythmias

Question 2

What is the main symptom of acute LVF and pulmonary oedema?

Answer 2

Rapid onset SOB

Question 3

What is the characteristic finding of acute LVF on an ABG?

Answer 3

T1RF

Question 4

Typically what will you hear on auscultation of the chest in acute LVF?

Answer 4

Bilateral basal crackles

Question 5

What are the typical CXR findings in acute LVF?

Answer 5

ABCDEF:
A - alveolar oedema
B - Kerley B lines
C - cardiomegaly
D - upper lobe Diversion
E - pleural Effusion
F - fluid in horizontal fissure

Question 6

Describe the management of acute LVF and pulmonary oedema

Answer 6

Pour SOD:

• Pour away (stop) their IV fluids
• Sit upright
• Oxygen if sats < 95%
• Diuretics, e.g. 40mg IV furosemide